{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T20:53:32Z","timestamp":1777582412652,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,10]],"date-time":"2021-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brit J of Edu Psychol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the fact that literacy instruction is a main focus of primary education, many children struggle to meet nationally set standards.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to test which components of a comprehensive reading programme (ABRACADABRA: https:\/\/eur03.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1186%2FISRCTN18254678&amp;data=04%7C01%7Cjanet.vousden%40ntu.ac.uk%7C880280e0b00749df855308d94068a0bb%7C8acbc2c5c8ed42c78169ba438a0dbe2f%7C1%7C0%7C637611640381216902%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&amp;sdata=%2B4U9sGfofkyCPEY7lWz8n3TPoMOAeJMXyFwdhW6EpUw%3D&amp;reserved=0) mediated the effect of the programme on nationally assessed literacy outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Sample<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Following blind allocation, 516 Year 1 pupils from 40 schools were randomized to the programme group, and 908 Year 1 pupils, to a control condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pupils in the programme completed 20\u2009weeks of instruction in grapheme\/phoneme knowledge, decoding, and comprehension. Control children received regular classroom instruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children in the programme group were significantly better at these taught skills after the programme finished (effect sizes: grapheme\/phoneme knowledge, \u03b2\u2009=\u2009.33, 95% CI [0.09\u20130.57]; decoding, \u03b2\u2009=\u2009.26, 95% CI [0.09\u20130.43]; and comprehension, \u03b2\u2009=\u2009.26, 95% CI [0.05\u20130.47]). Improvements in the programme group\u2019s decoding and comprehension skills fully mediated the improvements in national literacy assessments serving as a delayed post\u2010test 12\u2009months after the programme. Programme group pupils were 2.3 (95% CI [1.4\u20134.1]) times more likely to achieve\/exceed the expected standard in reading, and 1.8 (95% CI [1.2\u20132.6]) times more likely to achieve\/exceed the expected standard in writing due to an increase in the trained skills.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results provide strong evidence that a programme that incorporates decoding and comprehension instruction for typically developing beginning readers improves distal educational outcomes in reading and writing through increasing proficiencies targeted by the reading programme.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjep.12441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,10]],"date-time":"2021-07-10T04:16:16Z","timestamp":1625890576000},"page":"105-130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Decoding and comprehension skills mediate the link between a small\u2010group reading programme and English national literacy assessments"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7237-1490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janet I.","family":"Vousden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Coventry University UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1199-9556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna J.","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coventry University UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3630-9301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coventry University UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2894-3241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sam","family":"Waldron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coventry University UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Ammi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coventry University UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2577-8786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire","family":"Pillinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coventry University UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5645-6002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Savage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1492-6501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clare","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coventry University UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.12417"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-61520-781-7.ch012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470696682.ch6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000380"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws219"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjep.12251"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/edu0000138"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.94.2.291"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2007.01849.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.81.3.313"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.83.4.451"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.96.1.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-0277(03)00164-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1529100618772271"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797610375449"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"Davis D. 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