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Only about 70% of children with acute myeloid leukaemia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AML<\/jats:styled-content>) achieve long term survival. Patients who relapse have a dismal prognosis. Novel therapeutic approaches are needed to improve treatment outcomes in newly\u2010diagnosed patients with a poor prognosis and for patients with relapsed\/refractory disease that have limited treatment options. One promising approach in treating haematological malignancies has been the use of monoclonal antibodies to target cell surface antigens expressed on malignant cells. Most success with monoclonal antibody therapy in the treatment of haematological malignancies has come in the setting of adult <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010cell non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>odgkin lymphoma with the addition of the anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>20 monoclonal antibody rituximab to standard treatment regimens. In order to further advance treatment of haematological malignancies, novel monoclonal antibodies continue to be developed that target a variety of cell surface antigens. Several antibodies continue to be investigated in childhood leukaemias. This review will discuss the development of monoclonal antibodies that target a variety of cell surface antigens for the treatment of childhood <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALL<\/jats:styled-content> and the use of the anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>33 antibody gemtuzumab ozogamicin in the treatment of childhood <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AML<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,13]],"date-time":"2012-08-13T10:03:16Z","timestamp":1344852196000},"page":"3-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The future role of monoclonal antibody therapy in childhood acute leukaemias"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"159","author":[{"given":"Matthew","family":"Barth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics State University of New York at 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