{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T21:57:06Z","timestamp":1759010226340},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,26]],"date-time":"2013-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Haematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Emerging evidence supports the role of immune stimulation in the development of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma\/Waldenstr\u00f6m Macroglobulinaemia (LPL<\/jats:styled-content>\/WM<\/jats:styled-content>). Using the population\u2010based Surveillance, Epidemiology End Results\u2010Medicare database we investigated the exposure to 14 common community\u2010acquired infections and subsequent risk of LPL<\/jats:styled-content>\/WM<\/jats:styled-content> in 693 LPL<\/jats:styled-content>\/WM<\/jats:styled-content> cases and 200\u00a0000 controls. Respiratory tract infections, bronchitis [odds ratio (OR<\/jats:styled-content>) 1\u00b756], pharyngitis (OR<\/jats:styled-content> 1\u00b743), pneumonia (OR<\/jats:styled-content> 1\u00b742) and sinusitis (OR<\/jats:styled-content> 1\u00b733) and skin infection, herpes zoster (OR<\/jats:styled-content> 1\u00b751) were all significantly associated with subsequent increased risk of LPL<\/jats:styled-content>\/WM<\/jats:styled-content>. For each of these infections, the findings remained significantly elevated following the exclusion of more than 6\u00a0years of Medicare claims data prior to LPL<\/jats:styled-content>\/WM<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis. Our findings may support a role for infections in the development of LPL<\/jats:styled-content>\/WM<\/jats:styled-content> or could reflect an underlying immune disturbance that is present several years prior to diagnosis and thereby part of the natural history of disease progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,26]],"date-time":"2013-11-26T09:39:19Z","timestamp":1385458759000},"page":"653-658","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Community\u2010acquired infections associated with increased risk of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma\/Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinaemia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"164","author":[{"given":"Charlene M.","family":"McShane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology and Health Services Research Group Centre for Public Health Queen's University Belfast Belfast 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