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PRDM<\/jats:styled-content>16<\/jats:italic> gene expression levels were measured via real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction in 369 paediatric patients with de novo <\/jats:italic>AML<\/jats:styled-content>, of whom 84 (23%) exhibited PRDM<\/jats:styled-content>16<\/jats:italic> overexpression (PRDM<\/jats:styled-content>16<\/jats:italic>\/ABL<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> ratio \u2265<\/jats:bold>0\u00b7010). The frequencies of patients with high or low PRDM<\/jats:styled-content>16<\/jats:italic> expression differed widely with respect to each genetic alteration, as follows: t(8;21), 4% vs. 96%, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0\u00b7001; inv(16), 0% vs. 100%, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0\u00b7001; KMT<\/jats:styled-content>2A<\/jats:italic> (also termed MLL<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>)\u2010 partial tandem duplication, 100% vs. 0%, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0\u00b7001; NUP<\/jats:styled-content>98<\/jats:italic>\u2010NSD<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic>, 100% vs. 0%, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0\u00b7001. The overall survival (OS<\/jats:styled-content>) and event\u2010free survival (EFS<\/jats:styled-content>) among PRDM<\/jats:styled-content>16\u2010<\/jats:italic>overexpressing patients were significantly worse than in patients with low PRDM<\/jats:styled-content>16<\/jats:italic> expression (3\u2010year OS<\/jats:styled-content>: 51% vs. 81%, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00\u00b7001, 3\u2010year EFS<\/jats:styled-content>: 32% vs. 64%, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00\u00b7001) irrespective of other cytogenetic alterations except for NPM<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic>. PRDM<\/jats:styled-content>16<\/jats:italic> gene expression was particularly useful for stratifying FLT<\/jats:styled-content>3<\/jats:italic>\u2010internal tandem duplication\u2010positive AML<\/jats:styled-content> patients (3\u2010year OS<\/jats:styled-content>: high\u00a0=\u00a030% vs. low\u00a0=\u00a070%, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00\u00b7001). PRDM<\/jats:styled-content>16<\/jats:italic> overexpression was highly recurrent in de novo<\/jats:italic> paediatric AML<\/jats:styled-content> patients with high\/intermediate\u2010risk cytogenetic profiles and was independently associated with an adverse outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.13869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,19]],"date-time":"2015-12-19T01:11:02Z","timestamp":1450487462000},"page":"581-591","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["High PRDM<\/scp>16<\/i> expression identifies a prognostic subgroup of pediatric acute myeloid leukaemia correlated to FLT<\/scp>3<\/i>\u2010ITD<\/scp>,KMT<\/scp>2A<\/i>\u2010PTD<\/scp>, and NUP<\/scp>98\u2010NSD<\/scp>1<\/i>: the results of the Japanese Paediatric Leukaemia\/Lymphoma Study Group AML<\/scp>\u201005 trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"172","author":[{"given":"Norio","family":"Shiba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology\/Oncology Gunma Children's Medical Centre Shibukawa Japan"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Maebashi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Ohki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology\/Oncology Gunma Children's Medical Centre Shibukawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tohru","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Research Planning Department of Development Strategy Centre for Clinical Research and Development National Centre for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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