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This review is a compilation of the current knowledge about cardiotoxicity after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AML<\/jats:styled-content> treatment and of how future directions in treatment may affect its incidence. A total of six studies concerning <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AML<\/jats:styled-content> and cardiotoxicity were identified. The incidence of late subclinical cardiotoxicity varied between 1\u00b73 and 15\u00b73%, and late clinical cardiotoxicity varied between 1\u00b73 and 9\u00b73%. Cumulative dose of anthracyclines (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACs<\/jats:styled-content>) and history of relapse were the most common risk factors identified. No conclusions could be drawn about new, potentially less toxic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACs<\/jats:styled-content>. Differences in treatment data and variations in study populations made comparisons uncertain. The echocardiographic techniques used in the majority of the studies are inferior to more modern echocardiographic methods. This decreases reproducibility and may increase the risk of overestimation of cardiotoxicity. In summary, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AML<\/jats:styled-content> cannot be cured today without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACs<\/jats:styled-content>. However, some <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACs<\/jats:styled-content> may cause less cardiotoxicity than others. Furthermore there is currently no consensus on equipotent doses of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACs<\/jats:styled-content> and risk factors for cardiotoxicity. Further research including randomized trials is needed to evaluate whether or not the potentially less cardiotoxic agents fulfil their promise.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.14374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]],"date-time":"2016-10-14T08:03:13Z","timestamp":1476432193000},"page":"577-587","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Is it possible to cure childhood acute myeloid leukaemia without significant cardiotoxicity?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"Marianne","family":"Jarfelt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels H.","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Aarhus University Hospital 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