{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:19:45Z","timestamp":1792120785848,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]],"date-time":"2017-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1U01HG007459\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U01HG007459\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["107755Z\/15\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["107755Z\/15\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Haematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Micro\u2010albuminuria and glomerular hyperfiltration are primary indicators of renal dysfunctions in Sickle Cell Disease (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ), with more severe manifestations previously associated with variants in\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APOL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HMOX<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    among African Americans. We have investigated 413\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    patients from Cameroon. Anthropometric variables, haematological indices, crude albuminuria, albumin\u2010to\u2010creatinine ratio (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) were measured. Patients were genotyped for 3\u00b77\u00a0kb alpha\u2010globin gene (\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1\/\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      2\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    ) deletion, and for variants in\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APOL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    (G1\/G2; rs60910145, rs73885319, rs71785313) and\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HMOX<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    (rs3074372, rs743811). The median age was 15\u00a0years; the majority presented with micro\u2010albuminuria (60\u00b79%;\n                    <jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\n                    <jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    248), and approximately half with glomerular hyperfiltration (49\u00b75%;\n                    <jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\n                    <jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    200). Age, male sex, haemoglobin level, leucocyte count, mean corpuscular volume, blood pressure, body mass index and creatinine levels significantly affected albuminuria and\/or\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . Co\u2010inheritance of alpha\u2010thalassaemia was protective against macro\u2010albuminuria (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00\u00b703).\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APOL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    G1\/G2 risk variants were significantly associated with the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00\u00b701) and borderline with\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00\u00b707).\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HMOX<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010 rs743811 was borderline associated with micro\u2010albuminuria (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00\u00b707) and macro\u2010albuminuria (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00\u00b706). The results revealed a high proportion of micro\u2010albuminuria and glomerular hyperfiltration among Cameroonian\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    patients, and support the possible use of targeted genetic biomarkers for risks assessment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.14724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]],"date-time":"2017-05-03T05:26:43Z","timestamp":1493789203000},"page":"629-639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Clinical and genetic predictors of renal dysfunctions in sickle cell anaemia in Cameroon"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Amy","family":"Geard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Department of Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gift D.","family":"Pule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Department of Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Chetcha Chemegni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound\u00e9 Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina J.","family":"Ngo Bitoungui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound\u00e9 Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre P.","family":"Kengne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Non\u2010Communicable Diseases Research Unit South African Medical Research Council Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emile R.","family":"Chimusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Department of Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1420-9051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ambroise","family":"Wonkam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Department of Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000213897"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096561"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.22143"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.20645"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-13-83"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2011.08832.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcmd.2014.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1607845414Y.0000000213"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018863"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069922"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.13967"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23762"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-011-1857-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mnm.0000243373.03636.6e"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0b013e328351c35f"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-06-361642"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24843"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-010-1536-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2014.0134"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Renal disease in adult Nigerians with sickle cell anemia: a report of prevalence, clinical features and risk factors","volume":"23","author":"Bolarinwa R.A.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000180580"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2011.050336"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/240173"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1193032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI62972"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JIM.0000446836.75352.72"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1996.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1997.116"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1051014","article-title":"Evidence that microdeletions in the alpha globin gene protect against the development of sickle cell glomerulopathy in humans","volume":"10","author":"Guasch A.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2002010084"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.08511109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2011040388"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-131772","article-title":"Alpha thalassemia protects sickle cell anemia patients from macro\u2010albuminuria through its effects on red blood cell rheological properties","volume":"57","author":"Lamarre Y.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-6-199903160-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-139-2-200307150-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1465328111Y.0000000013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043426-200208000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2011101019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcmd.2010.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2006.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61229-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199406093302303"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(14)00007-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61029-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09297049.2011.640932"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100516"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2999980"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12690"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2015.124875"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2016.154153"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164364"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008030287"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001979"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.13.1645"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.61.2.748"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.7.701"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006080894"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-010-0861-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23817"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.06.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","first-page":"704","article-title":"Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem","volume":"79","author":"Weatherall D.J.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","first-page":"749","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical correlates of glomerulopathy children with sickle cell disease","volume":"136","author":"Wigfall D.R.","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092506"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23711"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10897-013-9630-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","unstructured":"World Bank(2010)Education for all\u2010fast track initiative: support to the education sector. Report No. 48373\u2010CM 1\u20132.The World Bank Washington DC USA."}],"container-title":["British Journal of Haematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fbjh.14724","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bjh.14724","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T03:18:02Z","timestamp":1696303082000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bjh.14724"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bjh.14724"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.14724","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1048","1365-2141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1048","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-12-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-02-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-05-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}