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This analysis estimates the cost\u2010effectiveness of immediate treatment approaches in comparison to a watch and wait approach from the perspective of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content> National Health Service. A Markov decision model was developed to estimate the cost\u2010effectiveness of treatment strategies in patients with asymptomatic follicular lymphoma. The model was populated using effectiveness data from a systematic literature review with the key clinical data sourced from a randomised trial, in which the treatment strategies were compared. Costs were estimated using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content> national sources. In comparison to watchful waiting, both rituximab strategies were found to be more effective and cost saving. In comparison to rituximab induction, the addition of rituximab maintenance marginally increased effectiveness but substantially increased costs, resulting in an incremental cost\u2010effectiveness ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICER<\/jats:styled-content>) of \u00a369\u00a0406 per quality\u2010adjusted life year (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QALY<\/jats:styled-content>). In probabilistic sensitivity analysis, rituximab induction was found to have a 68% probability of being cost\u2010effective at a threshold of \u00a320\u00a0000 per <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QALY<\/jats:styled-content>. In conclusion, active treatment with rituximab induction is a cost\u2010effective strategy to adopt in patients with asymptomatic follicular lymphoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.14990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,27]],"date-time":"2017-10-27T02:47:23Z","timestamp":1509072443000},"page":"52-59","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The cost\u2010effectiveness of immediate treatment or watch and wait with deferred chemotherapy for advanced asymptomatic follicular lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"180","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9005-6643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Prettyjohns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Guideline Alliance Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Hoskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mount Vernon Cancer Centre Northwood Middlesex UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"McNamara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Free Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Linch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the NICE non\u2010Hodgkin Lymphoma Clinical Guideline Committee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14110-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70027-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"Department of Health(2014)Reference Cost Collection: National Schedule of Reference Costs \u2010 Year 2013\u201014 \u2010 NHS trusts and NHS foundation trusts. 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