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We have previously shown that synthetic antagonistic analogues of GHRH are able to successfully suppress the growth of 60 different human cancer cell lines representing over 20 cancers. Nevertheless, the expression of GHRH and its receptors in leukaemias has never been examined. Our study demonstrates the presence of GHRH receptor (GHRH\u2010R) on 3 of 4 human acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cell lines\u2014K\u2010562, THP\u20101, and KG\u20101a\u2014and significant inhibition of proliferation of these three cell lines <jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic> following incubation with the GHRH antagonist MIA\u2010602. We further show that this inhibition of proliferation is associated with the upregulation of pro\u2010apoptotic genes and inhibition of Akt signalling in leukaemic cells. Treatment with MIA\u2010602 of mice bearing xenografts of these human AML cell lines drastically reduced tumour growth. The expression of GHRH\u2010R was further confirmed in 9 of 9 samples from patients with AML. These findings offer a new therapeutic approach to this malignancy and suggest a possible role of GHRH\u2010R signalling in the pathology of AML.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T02:52:12Z","timestamp":1523933532000},"page":"476-485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A new approach to the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia targeting the receptor for growth hormone\u2010releasing hormone"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"181","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1544-5892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaquin J.","family":"Jimenez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami FL USA"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami 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