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Besides hyposplenism, inflammatory and genetic factors might modulate their susceptibility to bacterial infections. We performed a candidate gene association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNP<\/jats:styled-content>s) located in Toll\u2010like receptor (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>) genes, encoding prominent molecules for innate immune responses, with the occurrence of bacterial infections in patients with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCD<\/jats:styled-content>. A cohort followed in centres in Brazil, France and Senegal (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0430) was divided in two groups: patients who presented at least one episode of bacterial infection (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0235) and patients who never had bacterial infections (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0195). There were no differences in gender or age distribution among the groups. The frequency of the<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:italic>rs4696480<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TA<\/jats:styled-content>genotype was significantly lower in the infected group (50% vs. 67%, odds ratio [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>]\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b750, 95% confidence interval [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>] 0\u00b734\u20130\u00b775,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001), and the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TT<\/jats:styled-content>genotype was significantly higher in the infected group (15% vs. 5%,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a03\u00b718, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>1\u00b753\u20136\u00b761,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b7001). Previous reports demonstrated higher secretion of inflammatory factors in cells from<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>individuals, lower occurrence and severity of immune diseases in T carriers. The rs4696480<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TA<\/jats:styled-content>genotype might stand between deleterious effects of over inflammatory response (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>genotype) and inefficient responses (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TT<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>genotype) to infectious agents in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCD<\/jats:styled-content>settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]],"date-time":"2019-03-25T19:48:57Z","timestamp":1553543337000},"page":"918-924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A Toll\u2010like receptor 2 genetic variant modulates occurrence of bacterial infections in patients with sickle cell disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"185","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9699-3462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karina","family":"Tozatto\u2010Maio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Monacord Centre Scientifique de Monaco Monaco Monaco"},{"name":"Eurocord H\u00f4pital Saint Louis Institut Universitaire d'H\u00e9matologie Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9 Paris France"},{"name":"Centre for Cell\u2010Based Therapy Blood Centre of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School University of S\u00e3o Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Haematology Clinics Hospital University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Girot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00f4pital Tenon H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Est Parisien Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indou D.","family":"Ly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics Unit Cheikh Anta Diop University Centre Hospitalier National d'Enfants Albert Royer Dakar Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanderson","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monacord Centre Scientifique de Monaco Monaco Monaco"},{"name":"Eurocord H\u00f4pital Saint Louis Institut Universitaire d'H\u00e9matologie Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9 Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Haematology Clinics Hospital University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Haematology Churchill Hospital University of Oxford Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana C.","family":"Silva Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cell\u2010Based Therapy Blood Centre of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School University of S\u00e3o Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahima","family":"Diagne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Gaston Berger Saint Louis Senegal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yahia","family":"Benzerara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Bact\u00e9riologie H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Est Parisien Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0453-7863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla L.","family":"Dinardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology Clinics Hospital University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Kashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cell\u2010Based Therapy Blood Centre of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School University of S\u00e3o Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Itau\u00e1","family":"Leston\u2010Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM 1160 Alloimmunity\u2010Autoimmunity\u2010Transplantation Institut Universitaire d'H\u00e9matologie Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9 Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantal","family":"Kenzey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monacord Centre Scientifique de Monaco Monaco Monaco"},{"name":"Eurocord H\u00f4pital Saint Louis Institut Universitaire d'H\u00e9matologie Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9 Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilherme H. 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