{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T03:35:50Z","timestamp":1782790550841,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,30]],"date-time":"2019-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL132906"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL132906"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Haematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sickle cell trait (SCT) is the benign heterozygous carrier state for the sickle variant of the <jats:italic>HBB<\/jats:italic> gene. Most of the ~300\u00a0million people with SCT worldwide will not experience any significant complications. However, accumulating evidence finds SCT associated with increased risk for the common conditions of chronic kidney disease and venous thromboembolism, and severe but rare renal medullary carcinoma and exercise\u2010induced rhabdomyolysis. The mechanism is uncertain, but probably involves pathological rheology of SCT blood in regions of low oxygen tension, resulting from sickle haemoglobin polymerization in SCT red cells and leading to reduced blood flow and further tissue hypoxia and damage. Here, we used an <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> microfluidic flow system to study the oxygen\u2010dependent rheology of SCT blood and show that 5\u2010(hydroxymethyl)furfural, a natural breakdown product of glucose and fructose\u2010containing foods, such as fruit juices, can reduce the effects of hypoxia on SCT blood rheology <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, restoring near\u2010normal flow velocities at very low oxygen. While opinions regarding the clinical significance of the risks associated with SCT are still evolving, these results suggest that a compound present in some food may provide a potential approach for managing risks that may be associated with SCT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.16251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T05:25:08Z","timestamp":1577769908000},"page":"985-993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["5\u2010(Hydroxymethyl)furfural restores low\u2010oxygen rheology of sickle trait blood <i>in vitro<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"Scott","family":"Hansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 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