{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T04:41:16Z","timestamp":1770957676476,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministerio de Sanidad, Pol\u00edtica Social e Igualdad of the Spanish Government","award":["TRA-112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRA-112"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Haematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti\u2010cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have shown promise in follicular lymphoma (FL) as post\u2010induction therapy, by enhancing antibody\u2010dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). However, cytotoxic cells are reduced after this treatment. We hypothesised that <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> expanded lymphokine\u2010activated killer (LAK) cells administered to FL\u2010remission patients are safe and improve anti\u2010CD20 efficacy. This open, prospective, phase II, single\u2010arm study assessed safety and efficacy of <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> expanded LAK cells in 20 FL\u2010remission patients following rituximab maintenance. Mononuclear cells were obtained in odd rituximab cycles and stimulated with interleukin 2 (IL\u20102) for 8\u00a0weeks, after which &gt;5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup> LAK cells were injected. Patients were followed\u2010up for 5\u00a0years. At the end of maintenance, peripheral blood cells phenotype had not changed markedly. Natural killer, LAK and ADCC activities of mononuclear cells increased significantly after recombinant human IL\u20102 (rhIL\u20102) stimulation in all cycles. Rituximab significantly enhanced cytotoxic activity. No patients discontinued treatment. There were no treatment\u2010related serious adverse events. Three patients had progressed by the end of follow\u2010up. After a median (interquartile range) follow\u2010up of 59.4\u00a0(43.8\u201370.9)\u00a0months, 85% of patients remained progression free. No deaths occurred. Quality\u2010of\u2010life improved throughout the study. Post\u2010induction LAK cells with rituximab seem safe in the long term. Larger studies are warranted to confirm efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.16474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T18:00:55Z","timestamp":1583344855000},"page":"1064-1073","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Maintenance therapy with <i>ex vivo<\/i> expanded lymphokine\u2010activated killer cells and rituximab in patients with follicular lymphoma is safe and may delay disease progression"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Ascensi\u00f3n","family":"L\u00f3pez\u2010D\u00edaz de Cerio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Therapy Area and Department of Hematology Cl\u00ednica Universitaria de Navarra Pamplona Navarra Spain"},{"name":"Lymphoproliferative Group Health Research Institute Navarra (IDISNA) Pamplona Navarra Spain"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy Cl\u00ednica Universidad de Navarra 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Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Grande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Service University Hospital, 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda T.","family":"Olave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Service University Clinic Lozano Blesa Zaragoza Arag\u00f3n Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcio","family":"Andrade\u2010Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Service University Hospital Miguel Servet Zaragoza Arag\u00f3n Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Bandr\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Hospital Complex Navarre Pamplona Navarra Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge 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