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We conducted a retrospective study, over a 10\u2010year period, which included all consecutive patients who received a major ABO mismatched aHSCT, to assess the impact of specific treatment on PRCA. We did not observe any PRCA in the 57 aHSCT issued from cord blood. Among the remaining 631 patients, cumulative incidence of PRCA was 10\u00b75% [range 8\u00b72\u201313.0]. The median duration of resolved PRCA was 171\u00a0days [IQR 116; 261]. Pre\u2010transplant high isohaemagglutinins titre was associated with an increased risk of PRCA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a010<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>). PRCA did not affect overall survival (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b795). Twenty\u2010two patients (33\u00b73%) received at least one specific treatment. The most commonly used treatments were rituximab (17 patients) and donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI; seven patients). Regarding PRCA resolution, we did not observe a significant difference between treated or untreated subjects (HR\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b793, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0\u00b748\u2013 1\u00b780; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b782). Similar results were observed with erythropoietin treatment (22 patients, HR\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b786 95% CI: [0\u00b747\u20131\u00b757] <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b762). Our data do not support the use of erythropoietin, rituximab or DLI for the treatment of PRCA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.17463","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]],"date-time":"2021-04-12T20:36:42Z","timestamp":1618259802000},"page":"814-826","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Treatment for pure red cell aplasia after major ABO\u2010incompatible allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a multicentre study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"193","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0254-1519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Longval","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology Transplant Unit Saint\u2010Louis Hospital Assistance Publique\u2010H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (APHP) Paris 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