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A total of 43 of 2559 patients with AA referred to our hospital had previously received chemoradiotherapy for\u00a0various types of solid tumours (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200925) or haematological malignancies (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200918). Their cancer status was complete remission (CR) in 27, non\u2010CR\u00a0in 13, and unknown in three. Small populations of glycosylphosphatidylinositol\u2010anchored protein\u2010deficient [GPI(\u2212)] granulocytes were detected in 16 patients (37\u00b72%). Of 18 patients who were treated with IST, 50% improved regardless of the presence of GPI(\u2212) cells. The overall survival (OS) rate was significantly higher in patients with a history of solid tumours patients than in those of haematological malignancies (median OS, 87 vs. 11\u2009months, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090\u00b70003), and in patients treated with IST than in those of untreated patients (median OS, 115 vs. 20\u2009months, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090\u00b7028). Cancer aggravation occurred in two of four patients who were treated with IST while in non\u2010CR of their original cancers. Progression to myelodysplastic syndromes was observed in two patients not possessing GPI(\u2212) cells. IST should thus be considered for patients with AA secondary to chemoradiotherapy for cancers, particularly when their original solid tumours are in CR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.17802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,3]],"date-time":"2021-09-03T01:12:46Z","timestamp":1630631566000},"page":"770-780","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The effectiveness of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with aplastic anaemia secondary to chemoradiotherapy for cancers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"195","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8520-9142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noriharu","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa Japan"},{"name":"Department of Hematology Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital Toyama 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