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We examined the prevalence of mental health disorders among a non\u2010institutionalized, community sample of Black adults in the US from the National Survey of American Life. We compared the odds of mental health disorders between Black American adults with SCD and those with other medical conditions, or no medical condition. Among the SCD group, 38\u00b78% reported at least one mental health disorder: 17\u00b76% endorsed a mood disorder, 24\u00b77% an anxiety disorder, 2\u00b74% an eating disorder, and 11\u00b78% a childhood disorder. Compared to those with other medical conditions, Black Americans with SCD had greater poverty, more children in the household, and were less likely to be married\/cohabitating (all <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u20090\u00b705). Yet, Black Americans with SCD were not at greater odds of having a mental health disorder compared to those with other medical conditions. When compared to the group with no conditions, however, individuals with SCD had 2\u00b757 greater odds of mood disorder (95% confidence interval: 1\u00b743\u20134\u00b765; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090\u00b7002). The effect remained when controlling for socioeconomic status, marital status, and perceived physical health. In this study, almost 40% of Black American adults with SCD presented with a mental health disorder. Prevalence of mental health disorders was similar among those with non\u2010heritable medical conditions, but those without a medical condition had a lower prevalence than in SCD. Among Black Americans, there appear to be unmeasured factors, common across medical conditions, that are linked to mental health disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.17962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]],"date-time":"2021-12-03T08:34:03Z","timestamp":1638520443000},"page":"1059-1068","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Differences in the prevalence of mental health disorders among Black American\u2009adults with sickle cell disease compared to those with non\u2010heritable medical conditions or no medical conditions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"196","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5662-5806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles R.","family":"Jonassaint","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"},{"name":"Center for Research on Health Care University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ines","family":"Lukombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section\u00a0of Benign Hematology Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"},{"name":"Center for Research on Health Care University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Driscoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section\u00a0of Benign Hematology Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaun M.","family":"Eack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 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