{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:39:29Z","timestamp":1791218369754,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,21]],"date-time":"2022-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Haematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>B\u2010cell depletion induced by anti\u2010cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy of patients with lymphoma is expected to impair humoral responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus\u20102 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) vaccination, but effects on CD8 T\u2010cell responses are unknown. Here, we investigated humoral and CD8 T\u2010cell responses following two vaccinations in patients with lymphoma undergoing anti\u2010CD20\u2010mAb therapy as single agent or in combination with chemotherapy or other anti\u2010neoplastic agents during the last 9\u00a0months prior to inclusion, and in healthy age\u2010matched blood donors. Antibody measurements showed that seven of 110 patients had antibodies to the receptor\u2010binding domain of the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Spike protein 3\u20136\u00a0weeks after the second dose of vaccination. Peripheral blood CD8 T\u2010cell responses against prevalent human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 epitopes were determined by peptide\u2010HLA multimer analysis. Strong CD8 T\u2010cell responses were observed in samples from 20\/29 patients (69%) and 12\/16 (75%) controls, with similar median response magnitudes in the groups and some of the strongest responses observed in patients. We conclude that despite the absence of humoral immune responses in fully SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010vaccinated, anti\u2010CD20\u2010treated patients with lymphoma, their CD8 T\u2010cell responses reach similar frequencies and magnitudes as for controls. Patients with lymphoma on B\u2010cell depleting therapies are thus likely to benefit from current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) vaccines, and development of vaccines aimed at eliciting T\u2010cell responses to non\u2010Spike epitopes might provide improved protection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.18149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T13:53:14Z","timestamp":1646661194000},"page":"697-708","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Rituximab\u2010treated patients with lymphoma develop strong <scp>CD8<\/scp> T\u2010cell responses following <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"197","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0024-0093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon","family":"Riise","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology Oslo University Hospital  Oslo 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