{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T13:37:28Z","timestamp":1788356248441,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA184\u2010397"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA184\u2010397"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Haematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nucleophosmin1 (NPM1) is one of the most commonly mutated genes in AML and is often associated with a favourable prognosis. Immune responses play an increasing role in AML treatment decisions; however, the role of immune checkpoint inhibition is still not clear. To address this, we investigated specific immune responses against NPM1, and three other leukaemia\u2010associated antigens (LAA), PRAME, Wilms' tumour 1 and RHAMM in AML patients. We investigated T cell responses against leukaemic progenitor\/stem cells (LPC\/LSC) using colony\u2010forming immunoassays and flow cytometry. We examined whether immune checkpoint inhibition with the anti\u2010programmed death 1 antibody increases the immune response against stem cell\u2010like cells, comparing cells from NPM1 mutated and NPM1 wild\u2010type AML patients. We found that the anti\u2010PD\u20101 antibody, nivolumab, increases LAA stimulated cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the cytotoxic effect against LPC\/LSC. The effect was strongest against NPM1<jats:sup>mut<\/jats:sup> cells when the immunogenic epitope was derived from the mutated region of NPM1 and these effects were enhanced through the addition of anti\u2010PD\u20101. The data suggest that patients with NPM1 mutated AML could be treated with the immune checkpoint inhibitor anti\u2010PD\u20101 and that this treatment combined with NPM1\u2010mutation specific directed immunotherapy could be even more effective for this unique group of patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.18326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,8]],"date-time":"2022-07-08T05:29:10Z","timestamp":1657258150000},"page":"866-874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Enhanced stimulation of <scp>antigen\u2010specific<\/scp> immune responses against nucleophosmin 1 mutated acute myeloid leukaemia by an anti\u2010programmed death 1 antibody"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"198","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1256-173X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jochen","family":"Greiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Diakonie 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