{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T23:36:41Z","timestamp":1780616201912,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA\u2010CL\u2010OTHER\u2010PI\u2010008662"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA\u2010CL\u2010OTHER\u2010PI\u2010008662"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Haematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The increased expression of programmed death\u2010ligands 1 and 2 (PD\u2010L1 and PD\u2010L2, respectively) on tumour cells contributes to immune evasion, suggesting that these proteins are attractive therapeutic targets. This study aimed to evaluate the validity of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) soluble PD\u2010L1 (sPD\u2010L1) and soluble PD\u2010L2 (sPD\u2010L2) as biomarkers for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). We determined the CSF concentrations of sPD\u2010L1 and sPD\u2010L2 in 46 patients with PCNSL using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). A control group comprised 153 patients with other brain tumours, inflammatory\/infectious status, or neurodegenerative diseases. Only CSF sPD\u2010L1 levels were significantly higher in patients with PCNSL relative to the controls. CSF sPD\u2010L1 also exhibited superior overall discrimination performance compared to CSF sPD\u2010L2 in diagnosing PCNSL. Compared with patients with PCNSL with low CSF sPD\u2010L1 levels, more patients with high levels had high serum lactate dehydrogenase levels, leptomeningeal involvement, and deep\u2010brain involvement. Furthermore, CSF sPD\u2010L1 could predict poor survival in PCNSL but CSF sPD\u2010L2 could not. Intriguingly, CSF sPD\u2010L1 levels were correlated with disease status and their dynamic changes post treatment could predict time to relapse. In conclusion, this study identified CSF sPD\u2010L1 as a promising prognostic biomarker, indicating a therapeutic potential of PD\u2010L1 blockade in PCNSL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.18598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T17:44:41Z","timestamp":1670521481000},"page":"75-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Cerebrospinal fluid soluble programmed death\u2010ligand 1 is a useful prognostic biomarker in primary central nervous system lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"201","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5442-1079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chieh\u2010Lung","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5052-9445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi\u2010Yuan","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Po\u2010Hao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih\u2010Wei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5698-7217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei\u2010Quan","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of New Drug Center for Drug Evaluation  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen\u2010Hui","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shang\u2010Ju","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Jen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematological Oncology National Taiwan University Cancer Center  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Chin","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital  Yunlin Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng\u2010Hong","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3642-2788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shan\u2010Chi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen\u2010Chien","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hwei\u2010Fang","family":"Tien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-022-01620-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2011.357"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acg2.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/EDBK_242547"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2019.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.16759"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2017014845"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-10-673236"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-01-764209"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2020-138924"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2020-141773"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2018.1480771"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2020.1742903"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","unstructured":"SquibbB\u2010M.A study of nivolumab in relapsed\/refractory primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and relapsed\/refractory primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) (CheckMate 647). NCT:02857426.2016. Accessed October 26 2021.https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02857426"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2011.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-018-0449-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noq011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.13.524"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-1131"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2017.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-0811-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1200690"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-3271"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","first-page":"5655","article-title":"Programmed cell death ligand 1 expression in primary central nervous system lymphomas: a Clinicopathological study","volume":"37","author":"Hayano A","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.20264"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.2375"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2019.1620942"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-06755-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.18311"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2011.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000009617"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-10-0250"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2016.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2016.11.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2014.137"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.5682"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-6612-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-01-476333"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nor203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.17357"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-09-308684"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-014-8822-6"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Haematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bjh.18598","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/bjh.18598","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bjh.18598","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T18:03:59Z","timestamp":1692727439000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bjh.18598"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bjh.18598"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.18598","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1048","1365-2141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1048","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-08-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}