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In this study, overall survival (OS), treatment\u2010free survival (TFS) and adverse events (AE) were registered retrospectively in a Danish population\u2010based cohort upon second\u2010line treatment for CLL. Data were collected from medical records and the Danish National CLL register. For 286 patients receiving second\u2010line treatment, three\u2010year TFS was higher upon targeted treatment (ibrutinib\/venetoclax\/idelalisib) [63%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 50%\u201376%] compared with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab or bendamustine and rituximab (FCR\/BR) (37%, CI: 26%\u201348%) and chlorambucil+\/\u2212CD20\u2010antibody (CD20Clb\/Clb) (22%, CI: 10%\u201333%). Upon targeted treatment, three\u2010year OS estimates were higher for targeted treatment (79%, CI: 68%\u201391%) compared with FCR\/BR (70%, CI: 60%\u201381%) or CD20Clb\/Clb (60%, CI: 47%\u201374%). The most common AEs were infections and haematological AEs; 92% of patients treated with targeted drugs had AEs, 53% of which were severe. Upon FCR\/BR and CD20Clb\/Clb, AEs were present for 75% and 53% respectively, of which 63% and 31% were severe. These real\u2010world data demonstrate higher TFS and a tendency towards higher OS following targeted second\u2010line treatment for CLL compared to chemoimmunotherapy, also for patients who may be frailer and more comorbid.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.18715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T09:42:06Z","timestamp":1678441326000},"page":"874-886","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Real\u2010world outcomes upon second\u2010line treatment in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"201","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6869-5775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noomi","family":"Vainer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6141-2533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathrine","family":"Aarup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9729-9974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael Asger","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Bisbebjerg Hospital  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lise","family":"Wind\u2010Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Odense University Hospital  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tine","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Odense University Hospital  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8905-0220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrik","family":"Frederiksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Odense University Hospital  Odense Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense Denmark"},{"name":"Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare) Odense University Hospital  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisbeth","family":"Enggaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9785-1378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian Bj\u00f8rn","family":"Poulsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Zealand University Hospital  Roskilde Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9880-5242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carsten U.","family":"Niemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Copenhagen University  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4199-772X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emelie C.","family":"Rotbain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Hematology Odense University Hospital  Odense Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense Denmark"},{"name":"Hematology Research Group Danish Cancer Society Research Center  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25595"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2015.124693"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.26367"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.2943"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-021-01657-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470\u20102045(16)30029\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-07-724740"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-09-806398"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","unstructured":"LymfomgruppeD.Kliniske retningslinjer for kronisk lymfatisk leuk\u00e6mi [Internet].2020. 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