{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T14:55:55Z","timestamp":1791384955301,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]],"date-time":"2014-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["British J of Psychology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Post\u2010traumatic stress, depression and anxiety symptoms are common outcomes following earthquakes, and may persist for months and years. This study systematically examined the impact of neighbourhood damage exposure and average household income on psychological distress and functioning in 600 residents of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    hristchurch,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ew\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Z<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ealand, 4\u20136\u00a0months after the fatal\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ebruary, 2011 earthquake. Participants were from highly affected and relatively unaffected suburbs in low, medium and high average household income areas. The assessment battery included the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    cute\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    tress\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    isorder\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    cale, the depression module of the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    atient\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ealth\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    uestionnaire (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u20109), and the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    eneralized\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    nxiety\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    isorder\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    cale (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GAD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u20107), along with single item measures of substance use, earthquake damage and impact, and disruptions in daily life and relationship functioning. Controlling for age, gender and social isolation, participants from low income areas were more likely to meet diagnostic cut\u2010offs for depression and anxiety, and have more severe anxiety symptoms. Higher probabilities of acute stress, depression and anxiety diagnoses were evident in affected versus unaffected areas, and those in affected areas had more severe acute stress, depression and anxiety symptoms. An interaction between income and earthquake effect was found for depression, with those from the low and medium income affected suburbs more depressed. Those from low income areas were more likely, post\u2010earthquake, to start psychiatric medication and increase smoking. There was a uniform increase in alcohol use across participants. Those from the low income affected suburb had greater general and relationship disruption post\u2010quake. Average household income and damage exposure made unique contributions to earthquake\u2010related distress and dysfunction.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjop.12097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]],"date-time":"2014-09-30T06:05:23Z","timestamp":1412057123000},"page":"526-543","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Impact of average household income and damage exposure on post\u2010earthquake distress and functioning: A community study following the\n                    <scp>F<\/scp>\n                    ebruary 2011\n                    <scp>C<\/scp>\n                    hristchurch earthquake"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Martin J.","family":"Dorahy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Canterbury New Zealand"},{"name":"The Cannan Institute Belmont Private Hospital Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Rowlands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Canterbury New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Renouf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Canterbury New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donncha","family":"Hanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology The Queen's University of Belfast UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen","family":"Britt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Canterbury New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet D.","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Canterbury New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709992224"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jurban\/79.3.373"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053\u2010199703000\u201000008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467\u20109450.2004.00373.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1529100610387086"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/10346-000"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.12.1.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040\u20103590.19.2.247"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","unstructured":"Canterbury Quake Live(2012).Christchurch New Zealand. 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