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By employing a three\u2010level meta\u2010analysis, the present study synthesized 193 studies across 31 cultural contexts. Results showed that the effect size of the association between self\u2010compassion and other\u2010compassion was small (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.19), and that the cultural values of collectivism\u2013individualism moderated the association, with stronger effects shown in cultures with higher collectivistic orientation. Additionally, self\u2010compassion and other\u2010compassion showed a stronger effect size on mental well\u2010being when there was a higher congruence (higher correlation) between self\u2010compassion and other\u2010compassion. Other\u2010compassion also showed a stronger effect size on psychological distress when congruence between self\u2010compassion and other\u2010compassion was high. These findings underscore the dual importance of cultivating both self\u2010 and other\u2010compassion to maximize their effects on the enhancement of mental well\u2010being and the alleviation of psychological distress.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bjop.70102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T12:29:56Z","timestamp":1785500996000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The holistic view of compassion: A meta\u2010analysis on the association of self\u2010compassion, other\u2010compassion, well\u2010being and psychological distress"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0601-0253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Floria H. 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M.","family":"Chio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Counselling and Psychology Hong Kong Shue Yan University  North Point Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9714-7847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Winnie W. 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