{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:43:46Z","timestamp":1792097026295,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,12]],"date-time":"2013-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1365724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Several different stimuli may induce chronic prostatic inflammation, which in turn would lead to tissue damage and continuous wound healing, thus contributing to prostatic enlargement.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            Patients with chronic inflammation and benign prostatic hyperplasia (\n                            <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                            ) have been shown to have larger prostate volumes, more severe lower urinary tract symptoms (\n                            <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LUTS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                            ) and a higher probability of acute urinary retention than their counterparts without inflammation.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            Chronic inflammation could be a predictor of poor response to\n                            <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                            medical treatment. Thus, the ability to identify patients with chronic inflammation would be crucial to prevent\n                            <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                            progression and develop target therapies.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            Although the histological examination of prostatic tissue remains the only available method to diagnose chronic inflammation, different parameters, such as prostatic calcifications, prostate volume,\n                            <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LUTS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                            severity, storage and prostatitis\u2010like symptoms, poor response to medical therapies and urinary biomarkers, have been shown to be correlated with chronic inflammation.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            The identification of patients with\n                            <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                            and chronic inflammation might be crucial in order to develop target therapies to prevent\n                            <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                            progression. In this context, clinical, imaging and laboratory parameters might be used alone or in combination to identify patients that harbour chronic prostatic inflammation.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,12]],"date-time":"2013-04-12T07:49:17Z","timestamp":1365752957000},"page":"432-441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":229,"title":["The role of chronic prostatic inflammation in the pathogenesis and progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia (\n                    <scp>BPH<\/scp>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Gandaglia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Urological Research Institute University Vita\u2013Salute San Raffaele San Raffaele Scientific Institute  Milan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Briganti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Urological Research Institute University Vita\u2013Salute San Raffaele San Raffaele Scientific Institute  Milan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Gontero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology 1 University of Turin A.O.U. San Giovanni Battista  Turin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Mondaini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Unit Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital University of Florence  Florence"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Novara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Padua  Padua"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Salonia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Urological Research Institute University Vita\u2013Salute San Raffaele San Raffaele Scientific Institute  Milan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Sciarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prostate Unit Department of Urology University \u2018La Sapienza\u2019  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Montorsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Urological Research Institute University Vita\u2013Salute San Raffaele San Raffaele Scientific Institute  Milan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90543-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eursup.2009.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2004.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.20080"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI106391"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000052430"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2011.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"S122","article-title":"BPH: epidemiology and comorbidities","volume":"12","author":"McVary KT","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4111\/kju.2011.52.8.507"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2011.03.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2008.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)34998-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10224"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2090"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10238"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.LAB.0000081388.40145.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2006.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10084"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Interferon\u2010gamma and its functional receptors overexpression in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic carcinoma: parallelism with c\u2010myc and p53 expression","volume":"11","author":"Royuela M","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Cytokine Netw"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)61681-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2007.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2007.11.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2005.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","article-title":"The impact of acute or chronic inflammation in baseline biopsy on the risk of clinical progression of BPH. Results from the MTOPS study","author":"Roehrborn CG","year":"2005","journal-title":"AUA Meeting"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2007.06910.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4111\/kju.2010.51.4.266"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000342643"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.05.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0b013e32832ac03e"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-009-1140-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1372.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.147835"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2005.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000081650.23715.4c"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","first-page":"501","article-title":"Calcifications of the prostate: a transrectal echographic study","volume":"77","author":"Bock E","year":"1989","journal-title":"Radiol Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2003.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65301-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2004.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2009.02.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2006.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0962935031000097745"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21081"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2010.07.493"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.20051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0813175106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2012.11144.x"}],"container-title":["BJU International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fbju.12118","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bju.12118","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T11:33:07Z","timestamp":1761737587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bju.12118"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,12]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bju.12118"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bju.12118","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-4096","1464-410X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-4096","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-410X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-04-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}