{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:08:06Z","timestamp":1791346086943,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,26]],"date-time":"2013-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n \n To investigate the effect of human papillomavirus (\n HPV<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and\n \n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n hlamydia trachomatis\n <\/jats:italic>\n (\n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n t) co\u2010infection on sperm concentration, motility and morphology, in a large cohort of young heterosexual male patients with chronic prostatitis\u2010related symptoms.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n \n Patients with chronic prostatitis\u2010related symptoms, attending the same centre for sexually transmitted diseases from\n J<\/jats:styled-content>\n anuary 2005 and\n D<\/jats:styled-content>\n ecember 2010, were consecutively enrolled in this cross\u2010sectional study.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n All patients underwent clinical and instrumental examination, microbiological cultures for common bacteria,\n DNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n extraction, mucosal and serum antibodies evaluation for\n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n t, specific tests for\n HPV<\/jats:styled-content>\n and semen analysis. The semen variables analysed were: volume;\n pH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ; sperm concentration; motility; and morphology.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Subjects were subdivided in two groups: group\n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n , patients with\n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n t infection alone and group\n B<\/jats:styled-content>\n , patients with\n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n t and\n HPV<\/jats:styled-content>\n co\u2010infection.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n The main outcome measurement was the effect of\n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n t and\n HPV<\/jats:styled-content>\n co\u2010infection on the semen variables examined.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n \n Of 3050 screened patients, 1003 were enrolled (32.9%) in the study. A total of 716 (71.3%) patients were allocated to group\n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and 287 (28.7%) to group\n B<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Significant differences between the two groups were reported in terms of percentage of motile sperm (degrees of freedom [df] = 1001;\n t<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010test = 11.85;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) and percentage of normal morphological forms (df = 1001;\n t<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010test = 7.18;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001), while no differences were reported in terms of semen volume or\n pH<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n According to\n W<\/jats:styled-content>\n orld\n H<\/jats:styled-content>\n ealth\n O<\/jats:styled-content>\n rganization thresholds for normal semen, 364 (50.8%) men in group\n A<\/jats:styled-content>\n and 192 (66.8%) men in group\n B<\/jats:styled-content>\n were subfertile (odds ratio = 1.95; 95% confidence interval 1.46\u20132.60;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n No correlation between\n HPV<\/jats:styled-content>\n genotype, mucosal\n IgA<\/jats:styled-content>\n type and semen variables was found.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n \n In a population of prostatitis\u2010related symptoms attributable to\n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n t infection, co\u2010infection with\n HPV<\/jats:styled-content>\n has a significant role in decreasing male fertility, in particular with regard to sperm motility and morphology.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]],"date-time":"2013-05-23T12:21:51Z","timestamp":1369311711000},"page":"281-287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Effect of human papillomavirus and\n \n C<\/scp>\n hlamydia trachomatis\n <\/i>\n co\u2010infection on sperm quality in young heterosexual men with chronic prostatitis\u2010related symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Santa Chiara Regional Hospital Trento Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian M.E.","family":"Wagenlehner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Urologie Kinderurologie und Andrologie Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Giessen und Marburg GmbH Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010Universit\u00e4t Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Mondaini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Florence Florence 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