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The technique is well recognised to potentially cause severe pain and discomfort for patients and this has led to numerous attempts to devise ways to minimise these problems. This systematic review summarises the techniques that have been described to date, with special reference to studies using either a visual analogue or numerical analogue scale to report outcomes. Commonly used approaches that are effective to minimise pain or discomfort include intravenous sedoanalgesia, inhalational agents and periprostatic infiltration of local anaesthetic. Whilst diclofenac suppositories are more effective than placebo, intra\u2010rectal local anaesthetic gels appear to be of no benefit. Performing\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRUS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010guided prostate biopsy without any form analgesia is not appropriate.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,30]],"date-time":"2013-08-30T05:38:08Z","timestamp":1377841088000},"page":"48-56","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Current methods of analgesia for transrectal ultrasonography (\n                    <scp>TRUS<\/scp>\n                    )\u2010guided prostate biopsy \u2013 a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Chanyang","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Adventist Hospital Clinical School University of Sydney  Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry 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