{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:54:31Z","timestamp":1789991671433,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,14]],"date-time":"2014-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n To assess the relationship between a marker of epididymal function and both the fragmentation of the sperm nucleus and the integrity and maturity of the sperm membrane in patients with or without varicocele.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n \n Semen samples were obtained from men with varicocele grades\n II<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n III<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 60) and from a control group with zoospermia defined as normal (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 30).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Samples were evaluated by a spermiogram, a hypoosmotic swelling test (\n HOST<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), neutral \u03b1\u2010glucosidase (\n NAG<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) enzyme activity, sperm hyaluronan\u2010binding assay (\n HBA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and\n DNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n fragmentation using a sperm chromatin dispersion (\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) test.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n \n Seminal plasma\n NAG<\/jats:styled-content>\n levels, percentage of sperm bound to hyaluronic acid,\n HOST<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010positive cells and sperm quality were significantly lower in the varicocele compared with the control group.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Higher levels of sperm\n DNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n fragmentation, as measured by\n SCD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , were also observed in the varicocele group compared with the control group.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Seminal\n NAG<\/jats:styled-content>\n activity levels showed a strong negative correlation with\n DNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n fragmentation and a significant positive correlation with the\n HBA<\/jats:styled-content>\n test and the\n HOST<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n \n Varicocele causes a reduction in\n NAG<\/jats:styled-content>\n activity by the epididymis that is associated with damage to both the membrane and sperm nucleus and a reduction in the seminal parameters.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n NAG<\/jats:styled-content>\n levels were correlated with the quality of the sperm membrane and nucleus.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Data suggest that a reduction of fertilization capacity in men during varicocele can result from damage to both the testis and the epididymis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,21]],"date-time":"2013-10-21T08:24:45Z","timestamp":1382343885000},"page":"642-649","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Varicocele decreases epididymal neutral \u03b1\u2010glucosidase and is associated with alteration of nuclear\n DNA<\/scp>\n and plasma membrane in spermatozoa"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Giovanny","family":"Vivas\u2010Acevedo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Bioanalysis Centro 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