{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T13:30:08Z","timestamp":1791811808681,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,22]],"date-time":"2014-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1413936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beat Drugs Fund, The Hong Kong SAR Government","award":["BDF101012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BDF101012"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To describe a service delivery model and report the baseline characteristics of patients investigated by a non\u2010invasive approach for ketamine\u2010associated uropathy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n This was a cross\u2010sectional study in a prospective cohort of patients who attended their first visit and underwent non\u2010invasive investigations at a dedicated centre to treat ketamine\u2010associated uropathy in\n H<\/jats:styled-content>\n ong\n K<\/jats:styled-content>\n ong from\n D<\/jats:styled-content>\n ecember 2011 to\n J<\/jats:styled-content>\n uly 2013. Data on demographics, illicit ketamine use, symptoms scores and voiding function parameters at baseline were prospectively collected. Differences between active abusers and ex\u2010abusers, and risk factors for the most symptomatic group were investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In all, 318 patients completed the non\u2010invasive assessment at their first visit and were eligible for inclusion. In all, 174 were female and the mean (\n sd<\/jats:sc>\n ) age of the entire cohort was 24.4 (3.1) years. Patients had used ketamine for a mean (\n sd<\/jats:sc>\n ) period of 81 (36) months. The mean (\n sd<\/jats:sc>\n ) ketamine use per week was 18.5 (15.8) g. In all, 214 patients were active abusers while 104 were ex\u2010abusers but had persistent lower urinary tract symptoms. The mean (\n sd<\/jats:sc>\n ) voided volume, bladder capacity, and bladder emptying efficiency were 111.5 (110) mL, 152.5 (126) mL and 73.3 (26.9)%, respectively. The ex\u2010abusers had a lower symptom score (19.3 vs 24.1;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001), a larger voided volume (126 vs 85\u2009mL;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001), and a larger bladder capacity (204.8 vs 126.7\u2009mL;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) compared with active abusers. Multivariate analysis found female gender was associated with a higher symptom score (odds ratio [\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ] 2.39; 95% confidence interval [\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ] 1.35\u20134.23;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.003) and a smaller voided volume (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.9; 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.1\u20133.3;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.02). Ketamine taken (g\/week) was another risk factor for a higher symptom score (\n OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.03; 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.01\u20131.05;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.002). Status of ex\u2010abuser was the only protective factor associated with fewer symptoms, larger voided volume and bladder capacity.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n An effective service model for recruiting patients with ketamine\u2010associated uropathy is possible. With such a service model as a platform, further prospective studies are warranted to investigate the appropriate choice of treatment for this new clinical entity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,20]],"date-time":"2014-02-20T02:54:46Z","timestamp":1392864886000},"page":"754-760","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["One\u2010stop clinic for ketamine\u2010associated uropathy: report on service delivery model, patients' characteristics and non\u2010invasive investigations at baseline by a cross\u2010sectional study in a prospective cohort of 318 teenagers and young adults"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Yuk\u2010Him","family":"Tam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Youth Urological Treatment Centre The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi\u2010Fai","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Youth Urological Treatment Centre The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristine Kit\u2010Yi","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Youth Urological Treatment Centre The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi\u2010Hang","family":"Yee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Youth Urological Treatment Centre The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winnie Chiu\u2010Wing","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivian Yee\u2010Fong","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace Lai\u2010Hung","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent Wai\u2010Sun","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry Lik\u2010Yuen","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Bo\u2010San","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Youth Urological Treatment Centre The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/25.7.583"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000086618.28845.9B"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.01.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.07920.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2010.10031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000338098"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10550490802266243"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pii: bcr2012007","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2012-007244","article-title":"Illicit ketamine and its bladder consequences: is it irreversible?","volume":"2012","author":"Jalil R","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Case Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"341","article-title":"Genitourinary toxicity of ketamine","volume":"19","author":"Wei YB","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2010.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2012.10988.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2009.03437.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2009.139"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"Central Registry of Drug Abuse Sixty\u2010First Report 2002\u20132011 Narcotics Division Security Bureau The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Available at:http:\/\/www.nd.gov.hk\/pdf\/report\/crda_61st\/crda_61st_full_report.pdf. Accessed February 2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-013-0501-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2012.11028.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjmsu.2008.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"273","article-title":"Long term ketamine and ketamine plus alcohol toxicity \u2010 what can we learn from animal models","volume":"13","author":"Wai MS","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mini Rev Med Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"267","article-title":"Urinary symptoms and impaired quality of life in female ketamine users: persistence after cessation of use","volume":"17","author":"Cheung RY","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.11.141"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-013-2057-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.03.132"}],"container-title":["BJU International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fbju.12675","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bju.12675","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T17:26:46Z","timestamp":1761758806000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bju.12675"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,22]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bju.12675"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bju.12675","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.718283116.793501693","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1464-4096","1464-410X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-4096","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-410X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-10-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}