{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T22:06:32Z","timestamp":1789769192731,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,20]],"date-time":"2014-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1413763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA016672"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To assess the diagnostic accuracy and safety of percutaneous biopsy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UTUC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From 2002 to 2013, 26 upper tract lesions in 24 patients (20 men; median [range] age 67.8 [51.7\u201385.9] years) were percutaneously biopsied. Analysis was separated based on lesion appearance: (i) mass infiltrating renal parenchyma, (ii) filling defect in the collecting system, (iii) urothelial wall thickening. We tracked immediate complications and tract seeding on follow\u2010up imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 26 upper tract lesions, 15 (58%) were masses infiltrating the renal parenchyma (mean [range] size 5.4 [1.1\u201314.0] cm), six (23%) were urothelial wall thickenings (mean [range] size 0.8 [0.4\u20131.1] cm), and five (19%) were filling defects within the renal pelvis or calyx (mean [range] size 2.7 [1.0\u20134.6] cm). Definitive diagnosis of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UTUC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was made by biopsy in 22 of 26 lesions (85%). Biopsy characterised 14 of 15 infiltrative masses and five of five filling defects; biopsy characterised three of six cases of urothelial wall thickening.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      follow\u2010up was available for 19 patients (73%) at a median (range) of 13.6 (1.0\u201398.9) months. Three patients (11%) developed recurrence in the nephrectomy bed at 5.6, 9.7, and 29.0 months after biopsy; none were attributed to tract seeding after independent review, because recurrence was remote from the biopsy site.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Percutaneous biopsy is effective for diagnosis of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UTUC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , providing tissue diagnosis in 85% of cases. While case reports cite a risk of tract seeding, no cases of recurrence were definitely attributable to percutaneous biopsy. Thus, for upper tract urothelial lesions, which are not amenable to endoscopic biopsy, percutaneous biopsy is a safe and effective technique.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,6]],"date-time":"2014-06-06T06:58:50Z","timestamp":1402037930000},"page":"625-632","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Safety and diagnostic accuracy of percutaneous biopsy in upper tract urothelial carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Steven Y.","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamran","family":"Ahrar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology The 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