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Nocturia (\u22652 voids per night) and nocturnal urine production were determined using a urination diary and nocturnal urine collection, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean \u00b1\n                      <jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc>\n                      age of participants was 71.9 \u00b1 7.1 years, and the prevalence of nocturia was 30.8%. A 1 \u00b0C decrease in daytime indoor temperature was associated with a higher odds ratio (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) for nocturia (1.075, 95% confidence interval [\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ] 1.026\u20131.126;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002), independently of outdoor temperature and other potential confounders such as basic characteristics (age, gender, body mass index, alcohol intake, smoking), comorbidities (diabetes, renal dysfunction), medications (calcium channel blocker, diuretics, sleeping pills), socio\u2010economic status (education, household income), night\u2010time dipping of ambulatory blood pressure, daytime physical activity, objectively measured sleep efficiency, and urinary 6\u2010sulphatoxymelatonin excretion. The association remained significant after adjustment for nocturnal urine production rate (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.095 [95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.042\u20131.150];\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Indoor cold exposure during the daytime was independently associated with nocturia among elderly participants. The explanation for this association may be cold\u2010induced detrusor overactivity. The prevalence of nocturia could be reduced by modification of the indoor thermal environment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.13325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]],"date-time":"2015-09-23T07:54:46Z","timestamp":1442994886000},"page":"829-835","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Indoor cold exposure and nocturia: a cross\u2010sectional analysis of the\n                    <scp>HEIJO<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>KYO<\/scp>\n                    study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Keigo","family":"Saeki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health and Epidemiology Nara Medical University School of Medicine Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Obayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health and Epidemiology Nara Medical University School of Medicine Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norio","family":"Kurumatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health and Epidemiology Nara Medical University School of Medicine Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.09.108"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.07.104"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2008.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2011.05.065"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.05.093"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2005.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.1999.00157.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.01.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20497"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.12129"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2010.02822.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.2002.02975.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2042.2004.00791.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05571.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000232"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05515.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13333"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2013.12.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2001.00240.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyp315"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1993.tb16065.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)68062-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1991.tb09037.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature719"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(02)00652-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","unstructured":"The National Health and Nutrition Survey Japan 2010. 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