{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T21:10:39Z","timestamp":1774645839318,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,14]],"date-time":"2018-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005972","name":"Deutsche Krebshilfe","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005972","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To assess detailed familial risks for medically diagnosed urolithiasis (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , urinary tract stone disease) based on nationwide hospital and population records.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients\/Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Subjects were identified from the Swedish Multigeneration Register in which there were 211 718 patients with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . Standardised incidence ratios (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s) were calculated by comparison to individuals without a family history of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The highest familial\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s were invariably found for the same (concordant) type of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      : 2.18 for kidney, 2.20 for ureter, and 1.93 for bladder.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s increased from 1.84, when one parent was affected, to 3.54 when both parents were affected, which was a multiplicative interaction. The\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was 1.79 when one sibling was affected but it increased to 24.91 when two siblings were affected. Such excessive risks (5.2% of familial cases) are probably explained by high\u2010penetrant genes. A low\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      of 1.29 between spouses suggested a minor contribution by shared environmental factors on the familial risk.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results point to underlying genetic causes for the observed familial clustering and establish the genetic landscape of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . Family histories should be taken in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      diagnostics and prevention could follow guidelines recommended for recurrent\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.14096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]],"date-time":"2017-12-13T02:02:42Z","timestamp":1513130562000},"page":"479-485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Familial risks in urolithiasis in the population of Sweden"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2769-3316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kari","family":"Hemminki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Genetic 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