{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:40:32Z","timestamp":1772160032607,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]],"date-time":"2018-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n To investigate the prevalence of urgency urinary incontinence (\n UUI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) at age 68 years and the contribution of vascular risk factors to male and female\n UUI<\/jats:styled-content>\n pathogenesis in addition to the associations with raised body mass index (\n BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Subjects and methods<\/jats:title>\n \n In all, 1 762 participants from the Medical Research Council (\n MRC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) National Survey for Health and Development birth cohort who answered the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire short form (\n ICIQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n SF<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), at age 68 years, were included. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between\n UUI<\/jats:styled-content>\n and earlier life vascular risk factors including: lipid status, diabetes, hypertension,\n BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n , previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack (\n TIA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) diagnosis; adjusting for smoking status, physical activity, co\u2010presentation of stress\n UI<\/jats:styled-content>\n symptoms, educational attainment; and in women only, type of menopause, age at period cessation, and use of hormone replacement therapy (\n HRT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n UUI<\/jats:styled-content>\n was reported by 12% of men and 19% of women at age 68 years. Female sex, previous stroke or\n TIA<\/jats:styled-content>\n diagnosis, increased\n BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n and hypertension (in men only) at age 60\u201364 years were independent risk factors for\n UUI<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Female sex, increased\n BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and a previous diagnosis of stroke\/\n TIA<\/jats:styled-content>\n increased the relative risk of more severe\n UUI<\/jats:styled-content>\n symptoms. Type and timing of menopause and\n HRT<\/jats:styled-content>\n use did not alter the estimated associations between\n UUI<\/jats:styled-content>\n and vascular risk factors in women.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Multifactorial mechanisms lead to\n UUI<\/jats:styled-content>\n and vascular risk factors may contribute to the pathogenesis of bladder overactivity in addition to higher\n BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Severe\n UUI<\/jats:styled-content>\n appears to be a distinct presentation with more specific contributory mechanisms than milder\n UUI<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.14137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]],"date-time":"2018-03-07T01:39:54Z","timestamp":1520386794000},"page":"118-125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Vascular risk factors for male and female urgency urinary incontinence at age 68 years from a British birth cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"122","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6435-5968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex","family":"Tsui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Kuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Cardozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urogynaecology King's College Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1560-1955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-009-0976-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2013.08.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02765589"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1994.tb06507.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/beog.1999.0071"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-4096.2001.01429.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"S98","article-title":"Impact of overactive bladder on work productivity in the United States: results from EpiLUTS","volume":"15","author":"Sexton CC","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-016-0179-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000173985.39533.37"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1990.tb03505.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2006.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.2001.02228.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2012.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2011.08.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-015-2888-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.53.8.453"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22428"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2042.2010.02696.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66378-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5213\/inj.2012.16.4.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22679"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2011.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-016-0217-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq231"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2015-308836"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-1828"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"Male urinary incontinence: prevalence, risk factors, and preventive interventions","volume":"11","author":"Shamliyan TA","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2006.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","unstructured":"NHS Digital.Health Survey for England \u2010 2012 Trend tables. 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