{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T12:34:49Z","timestamp":1780662889646,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,27]],"date-time":"2018-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK067223"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK067223"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n To clarify the molecular basis of penile erection at the human level and distinguish the mechanisms underlying vasculogenic and post\u2010radical prostatectomy (\n RP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) erectile dysfunction (\n ED<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) subtypes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Erectile tissue was obtained from men without history of\n ED<\/jats:styled-content>\n who underwent penile surgery for Peyronie's disease (control group,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 5) and from men with\n ED<\/jats:styled-content>\n who underwent penile prosthesis implantation (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 17).\n ED<\/jats:styled-content>\n was categorized into vasculogenic (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 8) and post\u2010\n RP<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 9) subtypes. Penile erectile tissue samples were collected for molecular analyses of protein expressions of neuronal and endothelial isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (\n nNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n eNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , respectively), phospho\u2010\n nNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n (Ser\u20101412), phospho\u2010\n eNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n (Ser\u20101177), phospho\u2010protein kinase B (Ser\u2010473), phosphodiesterase type 5 (\n PDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5), \u03b1\u2010smooth muscle actin, phospho\u2010myosin phosphatase target subunit 1, RhoA\/Rho\u2010associated protein kinase (\n ROCK<\/jats:styled-content>\n )\u2010\u03b1,\n ROCK<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b2, 4\u2010hydroxy\u20102\u2010nonenal, and\n nNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n eNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n uncoupling by Western blot.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Vasculogenic\n ED<\/jats:styled-content>\n was characterized by decreased\n eNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n protein expression and\n eNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n nNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n phosphorylation on their activatory sites (Ser\u20101177 and Ser\u20101412, respectively), uncoupled\n eNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , upregulated\n PDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5 protein expression, increased\n ROCK<\/jats:styled-content>\n activity, and increased oxidative stress in erectile tissue. Post\u2010\n RP ED<\/jats:styled-content>\n was characterized by decreased\n nNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n protein expression, increased\n nNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n phosphorylation on its activatory site (Ser\u20101412), uncoupled\n nNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , downregulated\n PDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5 protein expression, and increased oxidative stress in erectile tissue.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n The mechanisms of vasculogenic and post\u2010\n RP ED<\/jats:styled-content>\n in the human penis involve derangements in constitutive nitric oxide synthase function,\n PDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5 protein expression and\n ROCK<\/jats:styled-content>\n activity, and increased oxidative stress, which conceivably provide a molecular basis for chronically reduced nitric oxide bioavailability and increased smooth muscle contraction contributing to erectile impairment. Selective differences in\n PDE<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5 protein expression suggest distinct molecular mechanisms are in play for these\n ED<\/jats:styled-content>\n subtypes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.14433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,11]],"date-time":"2018-06-11T03:10:17Z","timestamp":1528686617000},"page":"1066-1074","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Phosphodiesterase type 5 in men with vasculogenic and post\u2010radical prostatectomy erectile dysfunction: is there a molecular difference?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"122","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8913-5822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serkan","family":"Karakus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biljana","family":"Musicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur L.","family":"Burnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.1999.00142.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2005.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Sonic hedgehog protein is decreased and penile morphology is altered in prostatectomy and diabetic 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