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Flare characteristics, including start date, and current intensity of pelvic pain, urgency and frequency (scales of 0\u201310), were assessed for participants\u2019 first three flares and at three randomly selected times when they did not report a flare. Generalized linear and mixed effects models were used to investigate flare risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 385 eligible participants, 24.2% reported no flares, 22.9% reported one flare, 28.3% reported 2\u20133 flares, and 24.6% reported \u22654 flares, up to a maximum of 18 during the 11\u2010month follow\u2010up (median incidence rate = 0.13\/bi\u2010weekly assessment, range = 0.00\u20131.00). Pelvic pain (mean = 2.63\u2010point increase) and urological symptoms (mean = 1.72) were both significantly worse during most flares (60.6%), with considerable within\u2010participant variability (26.2\u201337.8%). Flare duration varied from 1 to 150\u00a0days (94.3% within\u2010participant variability). In adjusted analyses, flares were more common, symptomatic, and\/or longer\u2010lasting in women and in those with worse non\u2010flare symptoms, bladder hypersensitivity, and chronic overlapping pain conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this foundational flare study, we found that pelvic pain and urological symptom flares were common, but variable in frequency and manifestation. We also identified subgroups of participants with more frequent, symptomatic, and\/or longer\u2010lasting flares for targeted flare management\/prevention and further study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.14783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]],"date-time":"2019-04-23T05:31:10Z","timestamp":1555997470000},"page":"522-531","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["A longitudinal analysis of urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome flares in the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain (\n                    <scp>MAPP<\/scp>\n                    ) Research Network"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"124","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4613-8107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siobhan","family":"Sutcliffe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Public Health Sciences Department of Surgery and the Alvin J. 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