{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T16:05:17Z","timestamp":1761753917959,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the risk of viral infection during urological surgeries due to the possible hazards in tissue, blood, urine and aerosolised particles generated during surgery, and thus to understand the risks and make recommendations for clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We reviewed the available literature on urological and other surgical procedures in patients with virus infections, such as human papillomavirus, human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B, and current publications on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several possible pathways for viral transmission appear in the literature. Recently, groups have detected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus\u20102 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) in the urine and faeces, even after negative pharyngeal swabs. In addition, viral RNA can be detected in the blood and several tissues. During surgery, viral particles are released, aerosol\u2010borne and present a certain risk of transmission and infection. However, there is currently no evidence on the exact risk of infection from the agents mentioned above. It remains unclear whether or not viral particles in the urine, blood or faeces are infectious.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Whether SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 can be transmitted by aerosols remains controversial. Irrespective of this, standard surgical masks offer inadequate protection from SARS\u2010CoV\u20102. Full personal protective equipment, including at least filtering facepiece\u20102 masks and safety goggles should be used. Aerosolised particles might remain for a long time in the operating theatre and contaminate other surfaces, e.g. floors or computer input devices. Therefore, scrupulous hygiene and disinfection of surfaces must be carried out. To prevent aerosolisation during laparoscopic interventions, the pneumoperitoneum should be evacuated with suction devices. The use of virus\u2010proof high\u2010efficiency particulate air filters is recommended. Local separation of anaesthesia\/intubation and the operating theatre can reduce the danger of viral transmission. Lumbar anaesthesia should be considered especially in endourology. Based on current knowledge, COVID\u201019 is not a contraindication for acute urological surgery. However, if possible, as European guideline committees recommend, non\u2010emergency urological interventions should be postponed until negative SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 tests become available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,19]],"date-time":"2020-06-19T21:25:06Z","timestamp":1592601906000},"page":"670-678","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Are urologists in trouble with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102? Reflections and recommendations for specific interventions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Yannic","family":"Kunz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Medical University Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Horninger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Medical University Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6463-2494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Germar\u2010M","family":"Pinggera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Medical University Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30079-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30627-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhin.2000.0795"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","article-title":"The impact of the COVID\u201019 pandemic on the utilization of emergency urological services","author":"Madanelo M","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-018-2174-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2017.0662"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2020.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogoh.2020.101729"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_15_12_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Covid 19 pandemic and gynaecological laparoscopic surgery: knowns and unknowns","author":"Mallick R","year":"2020","journal-title":"Facts Views Vis Obgyn"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15110"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01401-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9040967"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2020011"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taaa021"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.02.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_21_1","unstructured":"Complexity Science Hub Vienna.STUDY: COVID\u201019 PREVALENCE IN AUSTRIA; Available at:https:\/\/www.sora.at\/nc\/news\u2010presse\/news\/news\u2010einzelansicht\/news\/covid\u201019\u2010praevalenz\u20101006.html. Accessed 12.04.2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_22_1","unstructured":"Aktuell in tirol ORF.at. Paznaun und St. Anton weiter in Quarant\u00e4ne. Available at:https:\/\/tirol.orf.at\/stories\/3043535\/. Accessed 12.04.2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000000774"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000507471"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_25_1","article-title":"2019 Novel Coronavirus can be detected in urine, blood, anal swabs and oropharyngeal swabs samples","author":"Peng L","year":"2020","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3611-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1005.030682"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1009.040058"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13412-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1107.041045"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30200-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15071"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003296"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2004973"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/S1064744994000591"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(99)00109-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23642"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lps.1991.1.295"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa198"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25825"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_41_1","unstructured":"Mitteilungen des Arbeitskreises Blut des Bundesministeriums f\u00fcr Gesundheit. SARS\u2010Coronavirus 2. Available at:https:\/\/www.rki.de\/DE\/Content\/Kommissionen\/AK_Blut\/Stellungnahmen\/download\/COVID.pdf?__blob=publicationFile. Accessed July 2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2020.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15105"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000507305"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_45_1","article-title":"Human kidney is a target for novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) infection","author":"Diao B","year":"2020","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"QuanW ZhengQ TianJet al.No SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 in expressed prostatic secretion of patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a descriptive multicentre study in China.medRxiv 2020 [Epub ahead of print].https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.26.20044198","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.03.26.20044198"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1746199"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1741327"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2020-0188"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2008-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0668.2007.00469.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2005.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2607.200885"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_55_1","unstructured":"PerryJL AguiJH VijayakumarR.Submicron and Nanoparticulate Matter Removal by HEPA\u2010Rated Media Filters and Packed Beds of Granular Materials. NASA\/TM\u20142016\u2013218224 2016. Available at:https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20170005166.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.8292"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.04.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.03.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15082"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_60_1","unstructured":"Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES).Resources For Smoke & Gas Evacuation During Open Laparoscopic And Endoscopic Procedures March 29 2020. Available at:https:\/\/www.sages.org\/resources\u2010smoke\u2010gas\u2010evacuation\u2010during\u2010open\u2010laparoscopic\u2010endoscopic\u2010procedures\/. Accessed July 2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000001067"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_62_1","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.Disinfection of environments in healthcare and non\u2010healthcare settings potentially contaminated with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 26 March 2020. Available at:https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/publications\u2010data\/disinfection\u2010environments\u2010covid\u201019. Accessed July 2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_63_1","unstructured":"WHO.Protocol for assessment of potential risk factors for 2019\u2010novel coronavirus (COVID\u201019) infection among health care workers in a health care setting.2020. Available at:https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/protocol\u2010for\u2010assessment\u2010of\u2010potential\u2010risk\u2010factors\u2010for\u20102019\u2010novel\u2010coronavirus\u2010(2019\u2010ncov)\u2010infection\u2010among\u2010health\u2010care\u2010workers\u2010in\u2010a\u2010health\u2010care\u2010setting. Accessed July 2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_64_1","unstructured":"MottrieA.EAU Robotic Urology Section (ERUS) guidelines during COVID\u201019 emergency 25 March2020. Available at:https:\/\/uroweb.org\/eau\u2010robotic\u2010urology\u2010section\u2010erus\u2010guidelines\u2010during\u2010covid\u201019\u2010emergency\/. Accessed July 2020"}],"container-title":["BJU International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fbju.15141","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bju.15141","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/bju.15141","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bju.15141","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T16:03:39Z","timestamp":1761753819000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bju.15141"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bju.15141"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bju.15141","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-4096","1464-410X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1464-4096"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1464-410X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-04-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}