{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T13:15:34Z","timestamp":1761743734753,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000592","name":"US-UK Fulbright Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000592","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the impact of fibrin clot inhibitor (FCI) use on oncological outcomes in a large contemporary cohort of patients with non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) treated with adequate bacille Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin (BCG).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed an Institutional Review Board\u2010approved review of patients with NMIBC treated with adequate intravesical BCG, at our institution between 2000 and 2018. FCI use at the time of BCG therapy was recorded for each patient. Patients were stratified according to use of FCI medication. Recurrence\u2010 and progression\u2010free survival were analysed using Kaplan\u2013Meier methods and Cox proportional hazard models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 226 of 526 patients (43.0%) used a FCI: aspirin (205), clopidogrel (38), warfarin (18) and novel oral anticoagulant (NOAC; seven). The use of FCIs did not adversely affect either recurrence\u2010 or progression\u2010free survival (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.385 and\n                      <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u20090.131, respectively). These results did not change when the impact of aspirin, clopidogrel or warfarin\/NOAC use on recurrence and progression was evaluated separately. On multivariate analysis, FCI use was neither associated with tumour recurrence nor progression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of FCIs was not associated with adverse oncological outcomes in a large contemporary cohort of patients receiving adequate intravesical BCG for NMIBC. Based on these results, FCIs may be safely continued during BCG immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T01:47:10Z","timestamp":1638409630000},"page":"463-469","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Should patients with non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer discontinue fibrin clot inhibitors during bacille Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"130","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6505-8399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niyati","family":"Lobo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8098-901X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick J.","family":"Hensley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelly K.","family":"Bree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graciela M.","family":"Nogueras\u2010Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neema","family":"Navai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colin P.","family":"Dinney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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