{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T01:14:15Z","timestamp":1791854055103,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI) guidelines from major urological and non\u2010urological organisations internationally and identify areas of consensus and discrepancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, Google Scholar and the official webpages of major urological, gynaecological, infectious diseases and general practice organisations were searched for rUTI guidelines in March 2022. Nine guidelines were included for review: European Association of Urology, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, American Academy of Family Physicians, Mexican College of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Specialists, Swiss Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, German Association of Scientific Medical Societies, and the combined American Urological Association\/Canadian Urological Association\/Society of Urodynamics, Female Pelvic Medicine and Urogenital Reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The definition and evaluation of rUTIs, and antibiotic prophylaxis strategies, were mostly consistent across guidelines, and emphasised the importance of obtaining urine cultures and limiting cystoscopy and upper tract imaging in women without risk factors. Variable recommendations were noted for symptomatic treatment, self\u2010initiated antibiotics, and antibiotic\u2010sparing preventative strategies such as cranberry, vaginal oestrogen, immunoactive prophylaxis with OM\u201089, intravesical glycosaminoglycan instillation, and phytotherapeutics. Recent randomised evidence supports the use of methenamine hippurate. Either continuous or post\u2010coital prophylactic antibiotics were supported by all guidelines. None of the guidelines were tailored to the management recurrent complicated UTI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiple rUTI guidelines were identified and mostly limited their recommendations to otherwise healthy non\u2010pregnant women with uncomplicated cystitis. Variation was noted, particularly in antibiotic\u2010sparing preventative strategies. Some conflicting recommendations are due to more recent guidelines including updated evidence. Future guidelines should consider recommendations to assist management of complex patient groups, such as recurrent complicated UTI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T05:55:09Z","timestamp":1652766909000},"page":"11-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":144,"title":["Guideline of guidelines: management of recurrent urinary tract infections in women"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"130","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1012-5360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Kwok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital  Brisbane Qld Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland  Brisbane Qld Australia"},{"name":"Department of Urology Redcliffe Hospital  Redcliffe Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0778-0375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen","family":"McGeorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital  Brisbane Qld Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland  Brisbane Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Mayer\u2010Coverdale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herston ID Institute (HEIDI)  Brisbane Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Graves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herston ID Institute (HEIDI)  Brisbane Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2079-4437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David L.","family":"Paterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Royal Brisbane and Women\u2019s Hospital  Brisbane Qld Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research  Brisbane Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2895-0345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick N.A.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research  Brisbane Qld Australia"},{"name":"Central Laboratory Pathology Queensland  Brisbane Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7743-4841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Esler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital  Brisbane Qld Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Queensland  Brisbane Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Dowling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Eastern Health  Melbourne Vic. 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