{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T10:17:14Z","timestamp":1786702634202,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,9]],"date-time":"2022-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of scrotal ultrasonography (SUS) has increased the detection rate of indeterminate testicular masses. Defining radiological characteristics that identify malignancy may reduce the number of men undergoing unnecessary radical orchidectomy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To define which SUS or scrotal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics can predict benign or malignant disease in pre\u2010 or post\u2010pubertal males with indeterminate testicular masses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Evidence Acquisition<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review was conducted in accordance with Cochrane Collaboration guidance. Medline, Embase, Cochrane controlled trials and systematic reviews databases were searched from (1970 to 26 March 2021). Benign and malignant masses were classified using the reported reference test: i.e., histopathology, or 12\u2009months progression\u2010free radiological surveillance. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies\u20102 tool (QUADAS\u20102).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Evidence Synthesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 32 studies were identified, including 1692 masses of which 28 studies and 1550 masses reported SUS features, four studies and 142 masses reported MRI features. Meta\u2010analysis of different SUS (B\u2010mode) values in post\u2010pubertal men demonstrated that a size of \u22640.5\u2009cm had a significantly lower odds ratio (OR) of malignancy compared to masses of &gt;0.5\u2009cm (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u20090.001). Comparison of masses of 0.6\u20131.0\u2009cm and masses of &gt;1.5\u2009cm also demonstrated a significantly lower OR of malignancy (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u20090.04). There was no significant difference between masses of 0.6\u20131.0 and 1.1\u20131.5\u2009cm. SUS in post\u2010pubertal men also had a statistically significantly lower OR of malignancy for heterogenous masses vs homogenous masses (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u20090.04), hyperechogenic vs hypoechogenic masses (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u20090.01), normal vs increased enhancement (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u20090.01), and peripheral vs central vascularity (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u20090.01), respectively. There were limited data on pre\u2010pubertal SUS, pre\u2010pubertal MRI and post\u2010pubertal MRI.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This meta\u2010analysis identifies radiological characteristics that have a lower OR of malignancy and may be of value in the management of the indeterminate testis mass.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T13:19:29Z","timestamp":1660828769000},"page":"288-300","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Radiological features characterising indeterminate testes masses: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9924-4643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Ager","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Donegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Data Science University of Liverpool  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Boeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Hospital University of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier Mayor","family":"de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Hospital Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James F.","family":"Donaldson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Aberdeen Royal Infirmary  Aberdeen UK"},{"name":"Academic Urology Unit University of Aberdeen  Aberdeen UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Imran","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Urology Unit University of Aberdeen  Aberdeen UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Dimitropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Aberdeen Royal Infirmary  Aberdeen UK"},{"name":"Academic Urology Unit University of Aberdeen  Aberdeen UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tharu","family":"Tharakan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Janisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Muilwijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathy","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine McMaster University  Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catrin","family":"Tudur\u2010Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Data Science University of Liverpool  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rien J. 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