{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T01:55:56Z","timestamp":1792979756316,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically review the current demographics, treatment and mortality rate associated with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) and to test the hypothesis that the weighted pooled peri\u2010operative mortality rate will be &lt;10%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Searches were performed of the Cochrane, Embase and Medline databases and the grey literature for studies published during the period 1 January 2000 to 30 August 2021. Eligible studies reported cohorts of \u226510 predominantly adult patients with XGP and described either average patient age or mortality rate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 40 eligible studies were identified, representing 1139 patients with XGP. There were 18 deaths, with a weighted pooled peri\u2010operative mortality rate of 1436 per 100\u2009000 patients. The mean age was 49\u2009years, 70% of patients were female and 28% had diabetes mellitus. The left kidney was more commonly affected (60%). Four patients had bilateral XGP, and all of whom survived. Renal or ureteric stones were present in 69% of patients, including 48% with staghorn calculi. Urine culture was positive in 59% of cases. Fistulae were present in 8%. Correct preoperative diagnosis occurred in only 45% of patients. Standard treatment continues to comprise a short cause of antibiotics and open radical (total) nephrectomy. Preoperative decompression occurred in 56% of patients. When considered at all, laparoscopic nephrectomy was performed in 34% of patients. Partial nephrectomy was conducted in 2% of patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis has a lower mortality rate than historically reported. A typical patient is a woman in her fifth or sixth decade of life with urolithiasis. While open radical nephrectomy remains the most common treatment method, laparoscopic, and to a lesser degree partial nephrectomy, are feasible in well selected patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T08:59:27Z","timestamp":1661158767000},"page":"395-407","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: a systematic review of treatment and mortality in more than 1000 cases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0292-0295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frances","family":"Harley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Western Health  Melbourne Vic. 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