{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T06:22:53Z","timestamp":1770531773047,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the evolution of the Testicular Atrophy Index (TAI) in adolescent boys with and without a left varicocele with special attention for the currently postulated cut\u2010off value of 20%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During 2015\u20132019, 364 adolescent boys aged 11\u201316\u2009years were recruited. Genital examination and scrotal ultrasonography were repeatedly performed (\u22654\u2009month intervals). Testicular volume (TV) was calculated using the Lambert formula (length\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0width\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0height\u00a0\u00d7\u20090.71). TAI was calculated using the formula: [(TVright\u00a0\u2212\u00a0TVleft)\/TVlargest (right, left)]\u00a0\u00d7\u2009100.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The final study population comprised 239 participants, 161 (67.36%) controls and 78 (32.64%) adolescent boys with left varicocele. The mean (\n                      <jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc>\n                      ) number of measurements per participant was 3.82\u00a0(1.08). A TAI of \u226520% at first measurement occurred in 9.94% and 35.90%, respectively. Of these, only 31.25% and 46.43% had a TAI of \u226520% at the last measurement, respectively. Nevertheless, the risk of ending up with a TAI of \u226520% was significantly higher if a TAI of \u226520% was recorded at first measurement (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.041 and\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.002, respectively). The normalisation rate did not differ significantly between the groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.182). Normalisation occurred most frequently in Tanner Stages III and IV. Normalisation was mostly (\u226574%) due to catch\u2010up growth of the left testis, in contrast to growth retardation of the right testis, in both groups. The TAI seems to be a fluctuating parameter.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A TAI of \u226520% is a phenomenon seen in boys with and without varicocele but is more common in boys with varicocele. Although normalisation of a high TAI is frequently seen, both adolescent boys with and without a left varicocele who have an initial TAI of \u226520% have a higher risk of a TAI of \u226520% in the future. As the TAI is a fluctuating parameter during pubertal development, it's use as indicator for varicocelectomy based on a single measurement during pubertal development is questioned.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15914","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T04:53:47Z","timestamp":1664945627000},"page":"348-356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Evolution of testicular asymmetry during puberty in adolescents without and with a left varicocele"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7751-2651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pieter\u2010Jan","family":"Lourdaux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Antwerp  Antwerp 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