{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T00:39:25Z","timestamp":1786754365468,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To present a narrative review of fundamental information needed to manage postoperative complications in patients who have undergone genital gender\u2010affirming surgery (GAS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A narrative review was performed using the following keywords: \u2018gender\u2010affirming surgery\u2019, \u2018complications\u2019, \u2018emergency\u2019, \u2018postoperative\u2019. Articles were included after being reviewed by two primary authors for relevance. Four clinicians with significant experience providing both primary and ongoing urological care to patients after GAS were involved in article selection and analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The most common feminising genital GAS performed is a vaginoplasty. The main post\u2010surgical complications seen by urologists include wound healing complications, voiding dysfunction, postoperative bleeding, vaginal stenosis, acute vaginal prolapse and graft loss, rectovaginal fistula, and urethrovaginal fistula. The most common masculinising genital GAS options include metoidioplasty and phalloplasty. Complications for these surgeries include urethral strictures, urethral fistulae, and urethral diverticula. Penile implants may also accompany phalloplasties and their complications include infection, erosion, migration, and mechanical failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Genital GAS is increasing, yet there are still many barriers that individuals face not only in accessing the surgeries, but in receiving follow\u2010up care critical for optimal outcomes. Improved education and training programmes would be helpful to identify and manage postoperative complications. Broader cultural level changes are also important to ensure a safe, gender\u2010inclusive environment for all patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.16249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T00:08:59Z","timestamp":1701994139000},"page":"124-131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Gender\u2010affirming care in urology: emergency care of the gender\u2010affirming surgical patient\u2014what the primary urologist needs to know"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5950-6854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yonah","family":"Krakowsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Transition Related Surgery Program, Women's College Hospital  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gresha","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Transition Related Surgery Program, Women's College Hospital  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna\u2010Lisa V.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7273-5784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex G.","family":"Kavanagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gender Surgery Program of British Columbia, Vancouver Coastal Health  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Urologic Sciences University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emery","family":"Potter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Transition Related Surgery Program, Women's College Hospital  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Lawrence S. 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