{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T09:47:37Z","timestamp":1787737657156,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the optimal number of induction chemotherapy cycles needed to achieve a pathological response in patients with clinically lymph node\u2010positive (cN+) bladder cancer (BCa) who received three or four cycles of induction chemotherapy followed by consolidative radical cystectomy (RC) with pelvic lymph node dissection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 388 patients who received three or four cycles of cisplatin\/gemcitabine or (dose\u2010dense) methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MVAC), followed by consolidative RC for cTanyN1\u20133M0 BCa. We compared pathological complete (pCR\u2009=\u2009ypT0N0) and objective response (pOR\u2009=\u2009yp \u2264T1N0) between treatment groups. Predictors of pCR and\/or pOR were assessed using uni\u2010 and multivariable logistic regression analysis. The secondary endpoints were overall (OS) and cancer\u2010specific survival (CSS). We evaluated the association between the number of induction chemotherapy cycles administered and survival outcomes on multivariable Cox regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 101 and 287 patients received three or four cycles of induction chemotherapy, respectively. Of these, 72 (19%) and 128 (33%) achieved pCR and pOR response, respectively. The pCR (20%, 18%) and pOR (40%, 31%) rates did not differ significantly between patients receiving three or four cycles (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). The number of cycles was not associated with pCR or pOR on multivariable logistic regression analyses. The 2\u2010year OS estimates were 63% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53\u20130.74) and 63% (95% CI 0.58\u20130.7) for patients receiving three or four cycles, respectively. Receiving three vs four cycles was not associated with OS and CSS on uni\u2010 or multivariable Cox regression analyses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pathological response and survival outcomes did not differ between administering three or four induction chemotherapy cycles in patients with cN+ BCa. A fewer cycles (minimum three) may be oncologically sufficient in patients with cN+ BCa, while decreasing the wait for definitive local therapy in those patients who end up without a response to chemotherapy. This warrants further validation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.16319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T08:21:32Z","timestamp":1710231692000},"page":"119-127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The optimal number of induction chemotherapy cycles in clinically lymph node\u2010positive bladder cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9954-3413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"von Deimling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Department of Urology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3317-6427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura S.","family":"Mertens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The Netherlands Cancer Institute  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8847-6799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Furrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University Hospital of Bern University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Solothurner Spit\u00e4ler AG Kantonsspital Olten and B\u00fcrgerspital Solothurn  Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1274-7200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roger","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genitourinary Oncology H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute  Tampa FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guus A.H.","family":"Tendijck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The Netherlands Cancer Institute  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Texas Southwestern  Dallas TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felice","family":"Crocetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology University of Naples \"Federico II\"  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moritz","family":"Maas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Eberhard Karls University T\u00fcbingen  T\u00fcbingen 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Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3084-2458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Moschini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9499-0169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karl H.","family":"Tully","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Neurourology, Marien Hospital Herne Ruhr\u2010University Bochum  Herne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1625-1077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"D'Andrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8953-0272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Laukhtina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3865-5988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Del Giudice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal Infant and Urologic Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gautier","family":"Marcq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, CHU Lille Claude Huriez Hospital  Lille France"},{"name":"CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020\u2010U1277 \u2013 CANTHER 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 Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Minervini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Oncologic Minimally\u2010Invasive Urology and Andrology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Careggi Hospital University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter C.","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urologic Sciences University of British Columbia  Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5692-2723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yair","family":"Lotan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Texas Southwestern  Dallas TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe E.","family":"Spiess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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