{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T03:22:18Z","timestamp":1791516138055,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the impact of adjuvant therapy on oncological outcomes in patients with intermediate\u2010risk non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), as due to the poorly\u2010defined and overlapping diagnostic criteria optimal decision\u2010making remains challenging in these patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this multicentre study, patients treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumour for Ta disease were retrospectively analysed. All patients with low\u2010 or high\u2010risk NMIBC were excluded from the analysis. Associations between adjuvant therapy administration with recurrence\u2010free survival (RFS) and progression\u2010free survival (PFS) rates were assessed in Cox regression models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 2206 patients with intermediate\u2010risk NMIBC were included in the analysis. Among them, 1427 patients underwent adjuvant therapy, such as bacille Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009168), or chemotherapeutic agents, such as mitomycin C or epirubicin (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091259), in different regimens up to 1\u2009year. The median (interquartile range) follow\u2010up was 73.3\u2009(38.4\u2013106.9)\u2009months. The RFS at 1 and 5\u2009years in patients treated with adjuvant therapy and those without were 72.6% vs 69.5% and 50.8% vs 41.3%, respectively. Adjuvant therapy was associated with better RFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70\u20130.89,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), but not with PFS (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.09). In the subgroup of patients aged \u226470\u2009years with primary, single Ta Grade 2 &lt;3\u2009cm tumours (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009328), adjuvant therapy was not associated with RFS (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.50\u20131.02,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.06). While in the subgroup of patients with at least one risk factor including patient age &gt;70\u2009years, tumour multiplicity, recurrent tumour and tumour size \u22653\u2009cm (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091878), adjuvant intravesical therapy was associated with improved RFS (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.68\u20130.88,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In our study, patients with intermediate\u2010risk NMIBC benefit from adjuvant intravesical therapy in terms of RFS. However, in patients without risk factors, adjuvant intravesical therapy did not result in a clear reduction in the recurrence rate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.16371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T21:08:15Z","timestamp":1713301695000},"page":"644-651","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Adjuvant intravesical therapy in intermediate\u2010risk non\u2010muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8953-0272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Laukhtina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Gontero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital University of Studies of Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marko","family":"Babjuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3084-2458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Moschini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9361-2342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy Yuen\u2010Chun","family":"Teoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morgan","family":"Roupr\u00eat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne University, GRC 5 Predictive Onco\u2010Uro, AP\u2010HP, Urology, Pitie\u2010Salpetriere Hospital  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3857-9276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quoc\u2010Dien","family":"Trinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Chlosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Jagiellonian University  Cracow 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