{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T03:40:04Z","timestamp":1792381204417,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714348800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe patient characteristics and pathological stage at bladder cancer (BCa) diagnosis in a diverse population within a national, equal\u2010access healthcare system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study identified 15\u2009966 men diagnosed with BCa in the Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system from 2000 to 2020. The primary outcome was pathological stage at diagnosis, determined by index transurethral resection of bladder tumour. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between race and stage. Competing risk models tested the association between race and BCa\u2010specific mortality with cumulative incidence estimates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 15\u2009966 BCa patients, 12\u2009868 (81%), 1726 (11%), 493 (3%) and 879 (6%) were White, Black, Hispanic and Other race, respectively. Black patients had significantly higher muscle\u2010invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) rates than White patients (35% vs 32%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009). In multivariable analysis, the odds of presenting with MIBC did not differ significantly between Black and White patients (odds ratio [OR] 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98\u20131.22) or between Hispanic patients (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.67\u20131.01) and White patients. Compared to White patients, Black patients had a similar risk of BCa\u2010specific mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.89, 95% CI 0.75\u20131.06), whereas Hispanic patients had a lower risk (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.38\u20130.82).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Black patients presented with the highest rates of\n                      <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                      MIBC. However, in a large, equal\u2010access healthcare system, this did not result in a difference in BCa\u2010specific mortality. In contrast, Hispanic patients had lower risks of MIBC and BCa\u2010specific mortality.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.16380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T03:34:07Z","timestamp":1714361647000},"page":"473-483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Racial disparities in stage at bladder cancer diagnosis in the US Veterans Affairs healthcare system"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4532-7763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly K.","family":"Bree","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center  Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Janes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick J.","family":"Hensley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Kentucky College of Medicine  Lexington KY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aditya","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical Branch  Galveston TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3899-7702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda M.","family":"De Hoedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System  Durham NC USA"},{"name":"Department of Urology University of California\u2014Los Angeles  Los Angeles CA USA"},{"name":"Department of Urology Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8104-6419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Freedland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System  Durham NC USA"},{"name":"Department of Urology Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles CA USA"},{"name":"Center for Integrated Research on Cancer and Lifestyle, Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2683-2185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen B.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical Branch  Galveston TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21708"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30512-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)66440-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.05.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21654"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23986"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2005.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000223885.25192.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djx030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2011.02.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2017.07.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.66.3658"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28520"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.16.2106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2019.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","volume-title":"Access to Health Care in America","author":"Services IoMUCoMAtPHC","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","unstructured":"Final report to the secretary of defense: military health system Review.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","unstructured":"Research Service Durham VA Health Care System.Joint Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Department of Defense (DoD) Mortality Data Repository \u2010 National Death Index (NDI) Extract. Available at:http:\/\/www.suicideoutreach.org\/MDR. Accessed June 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","unstructured":"Affairs UDoV.Agent Orange exposure and VA disability compensation.2021Available at:https:\/\/www.va.gov\/disability\/eligibility\/hazardous-materials-exposure\/agent\u2010orange\/. Accessed June 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.28.1.160"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.3.666"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2019.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31926"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1078-1439(03)00139-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2017.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29987-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/BLC-150041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2018.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgz128"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31890"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddt519"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.20355"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2019.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-18-1280"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70032-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2015.08.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2014.4998"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2019.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-022-04464-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-022-03221-5"}],"container-title":["BJU International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bju.16380","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/bju.16380","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/am-pdf\/10.1111\/bju.16380","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bju.16380","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T02:55:58Z","timestamp":1792378558000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bju.16380"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bju.16380"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bju.16380","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-4096","1464-410X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-4096","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-410X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-04-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}