{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:23:26Z","timestamp":1791829406357,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To determine the effect of \u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist on the risk of kidney cancer in patients with overactive bladder (OAB).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A nationwide population cohort study was conducted using data from the Korean National Health Insurance System database between January 2016 and December 2023. Validation analyses were performed using clinical data from patients with OAB treated with mirabegron or anticholinergics at a tertiary referral hospital between January 2014 and December 2023. The main exposure was intake of \u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010AR agonist or anticholinergics, and the main outcome was incidence of kidney cancer.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 1\u2009419\u2009148 patients (61.6% male; median [interquartile range] age, 64\u2009[53\u201373]\u2009years), 3229 developed kidney cancer after OAB treatment. The incidence rate of kidney cancer was 0.7 per 1000 person\u2010years in the mirabegron group and 0.5 per 1000 person\u2010years in the anticholinergic group. Among the validation data of 3108 patients (49.3% male; mean\u2009[standard deviation] age, 63.9\u2009[13.3]\u2009years), 45 (1.4%) developed kidney cancer after OAB treatment. The mirabegron group had a higher incidence of kidney cancer (1.8%) than the anticholinergic group (0.7%) (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.025).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Use of \u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010AR agonists was associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer compared with anticholinergics. While these findings suggest a potential association between mirabegron use and kidney cancer, further studies are needed to confirm causality. Clinicians should exercise caution when prescribing mirabegron in patients with risk factors for kidney cancer.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.16771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T03:40:05Z","timestamp":1746762005000},"page":"439-446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of \u03b2\n                    <sub>3<\/sub>\n                    \u2010adrenergic receptor agonist on kidney cancer risk in patients with overactive bladder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Jee Soo","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Department of Urology Sorokdo National Hospital  Goheung Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soo Beom","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urban Society Research Seoul Institute  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jongchan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Yongin Severance Hospital Yonsei University Health System  Yongin Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Won Sik","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2246-8838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Won Sik","family":"Ham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70240-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2010.47"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43350-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2021.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00015.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198504183121617"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808949"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.139160"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2012.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000023171"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.01.087"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2017.12.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15040"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2024.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2012.10.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2021.1891035"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2018.4070"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","unstructured":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics and Methodology. 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