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Guideline quality assessment was performed using the AGREE II tool. We narratively synthesised results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eleven guidelines were included. Ten (91%) recommended PSA retesting intervals of approximately 2 to 4\u2009years. A total of 37 studies were referenced as evidence for the recommended intervals across the 11 guidelines. Five of these studies (14%) had the objective of determining PSA retesting intervals. Fourteen studies (38%) analysed single PSA test results. Five guideline recommendations partially aligned with the evidence referenced and five did not align.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Generally, for asymptomatic patients aged \u226550\u2009years with PSA levels between 1 and 3\u2009ng\/mL, most guidance recommended a retesting interval of 2\u20134\u2009years, with the possibility to extend the interval to 4\u201310\u2009years for patients with a PSA value &lt;1 ng\/mL. Until research generates direct evidence for PSA retesting intervals for both asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, clinicians and patients engaging in shared decision\u2010making should be aware that current guidelines lack direct evidence for recommended PSA retesting intervals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.16809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T01:18:50Z","timestamp":1751591930000},"page":"372-384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Guideline of guidelines: a critical appraisal of the evidence for\n                    <scp>PSA<\/scp>\n                    retesting intervals"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3736-6976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiana K.","family":"Collins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pradeep S.","family":"Virdee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nia","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bodleian Health Care Libraries  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason L.","family":"Oke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0661-7362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian D.","family":"Nicholson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Public Health England.Cancer registration statistics England: final release 2018.2020. 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