{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T22:17:35Z","timestamp":1767997055023,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the impact of microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy on sperm capacitation, semen parameters, pregnancy rates, and live birth outcomes in men with clinical varicoceles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed 260 consecutive men with clinical varicoceles who underwent a microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy procedure by a single surgeon from January 2019 to March 2024. Of these, 46 men had pre\u2010 and postoperative semen analyses and sperm capacitation tests. The primary outcome measure was change in the sperm capacitation score (Cap\u2010Score\u2122; Androvia LifeSciences, Mountainside, NJ, USA). Secondary outcome measures included change in semen parameters, change in probability of generating a pregnancy (PGP), pregnancy rates, and live birth rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among all 46 patients, there was an improvement in median sperm concentration (21.9 vs 30.0\u2009million\/mL;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), mean total motile sperm count (TMSC; 33.9 vs 49.5\u2009million;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04), mean sperm capacitation as measured by Cap\u2010Score (23.6% vs 27.7%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), and mean PGP (27.4% vs 34%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) after varicocelectomy. Of the 33 couples trying to conceive, 24 (72.7%) achieved a live birth or ongoing clinical pregnancy after varicocelectomy; however, 13 of these 24 couples (54.1%) utilised\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      fertilisation. A normal postoperative sperm concentration and Cap\u2010Score were associated with a 60% chance of achieving pregnancy via natural conception or intrauterine insemination (IUI).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant improvements in sperm concentration, TMSC, Cap\u2010Score, and PGP were observed at 3\u2009months after surgery. Patients with a normal post\u2010varicocelectomy Cap\u2010Score and semen concentration had the highest probability of conception naturally or through IUI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.16888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T03:59:46Z","timestamp":1755057586000},"page":"1064-1070","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of microsurgical varicocelectomy on sperm capacitation and birth outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2238-6752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manish","family":"Kuchakulla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Weill\u00a0Cornell Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron A.","family":"Gurayah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Weill\u00a0Cornell Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Marinaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Weill\u00a0Cornell Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Brant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Weill\u00a0Cornell Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher D.","family":"Gaffney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Weill\u00a0Cornell Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine Weill\u00a0Cornell Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2127-0483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nahid","family":"Punjani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Weill\u00a0Cornell Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9942-5460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Weill\u00a0Cornell Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Gal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Weill\u00a0Cornell Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianpiero D.","family":"Palermo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine Weill\u00a0Cornell Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Kashanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Weill\u00a0Cornell Medicine  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-001-0035-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32667-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.172640"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2017.98"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000001520"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2021.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/aja.2009.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.23057"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.09.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.22801"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.22803"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2023.08.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deab190"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2016.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/52.3-4.591"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12610-020-00112-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e05439"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.10.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92425-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2019.12.035"}],"container-title":["BJU International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bju.16888","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T16:18:11Z","timestamp":1767975491000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bju.16888"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bju.16888"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bju.16888","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-4096","1464-410X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-4096","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-410X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}