{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T06:07:17Z","timestamp":1788847637051,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784246400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003083","name":"European Association of Urology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S\u20102023\u20100018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S\u20102023\u20100018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003083","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BJU International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To evaluate\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      determinants of intrarenal temperature (IRT) and pressure (IRP) during laser lithotripsy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A silicone urinary tract model was used to perform laser lithotripsy on artificial stones placed in the renal pelvis. Three laser sources (thulium fibre laser, holmium:yttrium\u2010aluminium\u2010garnet [Ho:YAG] with Magneto Technology, and pulsed thulium:YAG) with 200\u2010\u03bcm fibres were tested at four energy settings (0.6\u2009J\u201310\u2009Hz, 1\u2009J\u201310\u2009Hz, 0.2\u2009J\u201350\u2009Hz, and 1\u2009J\u201340\u2009Hz), delivering 2000\u2009J per experiment. Irrigation was provided by gravity (40\u2009cmH\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O) or hand\u2010pump irrigation, combined with a standard ureteral access sheath (sUAS) or flexible and navigable suction sheath (FANS). Multivariable regression identified predictors of mean IRT and IRP.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Baseline temperatures were comparable among groups (27.2\u201332.2\u2009\u00b0C,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Hand\u2010pump irrigation reduced mean IRT compared to gravity (\u22129.1\u2009\u00b0C,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). Laser power showed a dose\u2013response effect (10\u2009W: +2.5\u2009\u00b0C,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003; 40\u2009W: +8.2\u2009\u00b0C,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001 vs 6\u2009W). At equivalent power and irrigation settings, laser source did not influence IRT under the experimental conditions evaluated. The thermal\u2010risk threshold (&gt;43\u2009\u00b0C) was reached in 16.7% of experiments, increased with power (2.8%, 15.3%, and 41.7% at 6, 10, and 40\u2009W;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001) and decreased with hand\u2010pump irrigation and FANS (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Hand\u2010pump irrigation increased IRP by 21\u2009cmH\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O compared to gravity, while FANS reduced IRP by 12\u2009cmH\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O vs sUAS (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mean IRT was associated with laser power and irrigation strategy. High\u2010power settings (40\u2009W) frequently exceeded the thermal\u2010risk threshold. Although FANS was not associated with lower mean IRT, it reduced the likelihood of exceeding the thermal\u2010risk threshold. Laser source had no effect on mean IRT when power and irrigation conditions were comparable. Mean IRP was influenced by irrigation strategy and UAS configuration but was not associated with mean IRT. These findings underscore the need for advanced integrated irrigation\u2013aspiration systems capable of dynamic control of flow, pressure, and temperature to optimise procedural safety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.70384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T07:26:59Z","timestamp":1784273219000},"page":"722-729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intrarenal thermal and pressure dynamics during ureteroscopy: an\n                    <i>in vitro<\/i>\n                    study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Bravo\u2010Balado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endolase Lab GRC20\u2010Sorbonne University and PIMM\u2010Arts et M\u00e9tiers Paris Tech  Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Morphological Sciences Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Stone Unit, Department of Urology Fundaci\u00f3 Puigvert  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Service d'Urologie, Assistance\u2010Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Tenon Sorbonne Universit\u00e9  Paris France"},{"name":"Progress and Collaboration in Endourology Group (PACE)  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Letizia Maria Ippolita","family":"Jannello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service d'Urologie, Assistance\u2010Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Tenon Sorbonne Universit\u00e9  Paris France"},{"name":"Progress and Collaboration in Endourology Group (PACE)  Paris France"},{"name":"Unit of Urology, Department of Health Science University of Milan, ASST Santi Paolo and Carlo  Milan 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USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steeve","family":"Doizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endolase Lab GRC20\u2010Sorbonne University and PIMM\u2010Arts et M\u00e9tiers Paris Tech  Paris France"},{"name":"Service d'Urologie, Assistance\u2010Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Tenon Sorbonne Universit\u00e9  Paris France"},{"name":"GRC n\u00b020, Groupe de Recherche Clinique sur la Lithiase Urinaire, H\u00f4pital Tenon Sorbonne Universit\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Coste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endolase Lab GRC20\u2010Sorbonne University and PIMM\u2010Arts et M\u00e9tiers Paris Tech  Paris France"},{"name":"GRC n\u00b020, Groupe de Recherche Clinique sur la Lithiase Urinaire, H\u00f4pital Tenon Sorbonne Universit\u00e9  Paris 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