{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T01:54:29Z","timestamp":1791165269227,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,16]],"date-time":"2014-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biology of the Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background Information<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cells, especially those of the immune system, can form long and thin connections termed tunnelling nanotubes (TNTs). These structures can reach &gt;100\u00a0\u00b5m in length and, in T\u2010cells, contain actin but no tubulin and are not open ended. T\u2010cell TNTs were found to form following cell contact and to enable the transfer of HIV\u20101 from an infected\u2010 to a connected\u2010T\u2010cell. TNTs are poorly characterised at molecular level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found Rab11 and tetraspanins, especially CD81, all along T\u2010cells TNTs, whereas Rab4 and Rab35 were absent from these structures. Regarding actin cytoskeleton regulators, Exo70, N\u2010WASP and especially ezrin accumulated at the level of the TNT tip that contacts the connected cell. Phosphoinositides such as PI(4,5)P<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> were also concentrated at this level together with HIV\u20101 Gag. Gag spots on cells and TNTs were essentially immobile, and likely correspond to area of Gag multimerisation for budding to form virus\u2010like particles. Mobility of PH<jats:sub>PLC\u03b4<\/jats:sub>, a specific probe for PI(4,5)P<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, was reduced &gt; threefold at the level of TNT basis or tip compared with the cell body.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study identified the TNT tip as an active zone of actin cytoskeleton reorganisation with the presence of ezrin, Exo70, N\u2010WASP and PI(4,5)P<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. The latter is also known to enable HIV\u20111 Gag recruitment for viral budding, and the presence of Gag at this level, contacting the connected cell, indicates that the TNT tip is also a favourite place for HIV\u20101 assembly and budding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/boc.201400037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,13]],"date-time":"2014-08-13T23:13:50Z","timestamp":1407971630000},"page":"394-404","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Preliminary characterisation of nanotubes connecting T\u2010cells and their use by HIV\u20101"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Simon","family":"Lachambre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CPBS, UMR 5236 CNRS\u2010Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier Route de Mende  Montpellier 34293 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Chopard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CPBS, UMR 5236 CNRS\u2010Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier Route de Mende  Montpellier 34293 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Beaumelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CPBS, UMR 5236 CNRS\u2010Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier Route de Mende  Montpellier 34293 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