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The impact of HIV\u20101 on <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> pathogenesis and the molecular basis for the differences between these bacteria and classical diarrhoeal <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Typhimurium remains unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Here, we show that iNTS\u2010associated <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Typhimurium Sequence Type 313 (ST313) bacteria show greater intracellular survival in primary human macrophages, compared with a \u2018classical\u2019 diarrhoeal <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Typhimurium ST19 isolate. The increased intracellular survival phenotype of ST313 is more pronounced in HIV\u2010infected macrophages. We explored the possibility that the bacteria take advantage of the HIV\u2010associated viral\u2010containing compartments created in human macrophages that have low pH. Confocal fluorescence microscopy and focussed ion beam\u2010scanning electron microscopy tomography showed that <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> did not co\u2010localise extensively with HIV\u2010positive compartments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The capacity of ST313 bacteria to survive better than ST19 bacteria within primary human macrophages is enhanced in cells pre\u2010infected with HIV\u20101. Our results indicate that the ST313 bacteria do not directly benefit from the niche created by the virus in HIV\u20101\u2010infected macrophages, and that they might take advantage from a more globally modified host cell.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>A better understanding of the interplay between HIV\u20101 and <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> is important not only for these bacteria but also for other opportunistic pathogens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/boc.201900055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,10]],"date-time":"2020-01-10T15:28:31Z","timestamp":1578670111000},"page":"92-101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Increased intracellular survival of <i>Salmonella<\/i> Typhimurium ST313 in HIV\u20101\u2010infected primary human macrophages is not associated with <i>Salmonella<\/i> hijacking the HIV compartment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"L\u00ea\u2010Bury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Cochin Universit\u00e9 de Paris INSERM  U1016, CNRS, UMR 8104 Paris F\u201075014 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Deschamps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Cochin Universit\u00e9 de Paris INSERM  U1016, CNRS, UMR 8104 Paris F\u201075014 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Kizilyaprak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Biologie et de M\u00e9decine Electron Microscopy Facility, Universit\u00e9 de Lausanne  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Blanchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Biologie et de M\u00e9decine Electron Microscopy Facility, Universit\u00e9 de Lausanne  Lausanne 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