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These structures self\u2010organize through cell\u2010cell and cell\u2010matrix interaction in culture. In the last decade, organoids and allied 3D culture technologies have catalyzed studies involving developmental biology, disease biology, high\u2010throughput drug screening, personalized medicine, biomarker discovery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Many organoid systems have been generated from the gastrointestinal system, for example, intestine, stomach, liver, pancreas, or colon. Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common and highly aggressive form of biliary tract cancer. GBC is rare in the west but has a high incidence in South America and India. Prolonged chronic inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of GBC but the driving molecular pathways leading to neoplasia are not well understood. Gallbladder cholangiocyte organoids (GCO) will facilitate the understanding of the evolution of the disease and novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we have discussed alternative methodologies and culture conditions developed to generate GCO models, applications that these models have been subjected to and the current limitations for the use of GCOs in addressing the challenges in GBC research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/boc.202400132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T13:54:08Z","timestamp":1739454848000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Gallbladder cholangiocyte organoids"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9624-0305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ankita","family":"Dutta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SOLi3D Laboratory Tata Translational Cancer Research Centre  Kolkata India"},{"name":"School of Medical Science and Technology Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur  Kharagpur 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