{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:03:23Z","timestamp":1791227003624,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,11]],"date-time":"2014-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1415664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Triggering receptor expressed by myeloid cells 2 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TREM<\/jats:styled-content>2), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, has anti\u2010inflammatory phagocytic function in myeloid cells. Several studies have shown that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>TREM<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic> gene variant rs75932628\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content> increased the risks for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>lzheimer's disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>arkinson's disease, frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. It has been suggested that the risks could be resulted from the loss of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TREM<\/jats:styled-content>2 function caused by the mutation. Indeed, new evidence showed that several mutations in the immunoglobulin\u2010like <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">V<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010region led to low cell surface expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TREM<\/jats:styled-content>2 and reduced phagocytic function. Because of the emerging importance in understanding <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TREM<\/jats:styled-content>2 expression and functions in human neurodegenerative diseases, we conducted biochemical and morphological studies of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TREM<\/jats:styled-content>2 expression in human post\u2010mortem temporal cortical samples from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content> and normal cases. Increased expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TREM<\/jats:styled-content>2 protein was found to significantly correlate with increases of phosphorylated\u2010tau and active caspase 3, a marker of apoptosis, and also loss of the presynaptic protein <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNAP<\/jats:styled-content>25. Strong intensities of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TREM<\/jats:styled-content>2 immunoreactivity were observed in the microglia associated with amyloid plaques and in neuritic pathology\u2010enriched areas. Based on the findings that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TREM<\/jats:styled-content>2 expression correlated with neurodegenerative markers, further investigation on whether there is abnormality of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TREM<\/jats:styled-content>2 functions in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content> brains with nonmutated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TREM<\/jats:styled-content>2 is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,4]],"date-time":"2014-09-04T16:07:22Z","timestamp":1409846842000},"page":"469-480","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":145,"title":["<scp>TREM<\/scp>2 Protein Expression Changes Correlate with <scp>A<\/scp>lzheimer's Disease Neurodegenerative Pathologies in Post\u2010Mortem Temporal Cortices"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Lih\u2010Fen","family":"Lue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuroregeneration Banner Sun Health Research Institute  Sun City AZ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher T.","family":"Schmitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuroregeneration Banner Sun Health Research Institute  Sun City AZ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geidy","family":"Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"W. 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