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However, cholesterol biosynthesis is a key pathway during myelination and disturbances are described in demyelinating diseases. To address the possible interaction of dyslipidemia and demyelination, cholesterol biosynthesis gene expression, composition of the body's major lipid repositories and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>aigen diet\u2010induced, systemic hypercholesterolemia were examined in Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TME<\/jats:styled-content>) using histology, immunohistochemistry, serum clinical chemistry, microarrays and high\u2010performance thin layer chromatography. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TME<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMEV<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010infected mice showed progressive loss of motor performance and demyelinating leukomyelitis. Gene expression associated with cholesterol biosynthesis was overall down\u2010regulated in the spinal cord of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMEV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected animals. Spinal cord levels of galactocerebroside and sphingomyelin were reduced on day 196 post <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMEV<\/jats:styled-content> infection. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>aigen diet induced serum hypercholesterolemia and hepatic lipidosis. However, high dietary fat and cholesterol intake led to no significant differences in clinical course, inflammatory response, astrocytosis, and the amount of demyelination and remyelination in the spinal cord of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMEV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected animals. The results suggest that down\u2010regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis is a transcriptional marker for demyelination, quantitative loss of myelin\u2010specific lipids, but not cholesterol occurs late in chronic demyelination, and serum hypercholesterolemia exhibited no significant effect on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMEV<\/jats:styled-content> infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,11]],"date-time":"2015-05-11T09:15:35Z","timestamp":1431335735000},"page":"102-119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Central Nervous System Demyelination and Remyelination is Independent from Systemic Cholesterol Level in <scp>T<\/scp>heiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Barbara B.","family":"Raddatz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover  Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Center 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